Volume Four Number Four 

: ~ ; I 

3 V MAY 23 I 
Copy —1961 I 

SCHOOL OF MINES 
AND METALLURGY 

UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI 


BULLETIN 

MAY, 1918 


TECHNICAL SERIES 


AN INVESTIGATION OF BLENDED 
PORTLAND CEMENT 


ROLLA, MISSOURI 
1918 


Entered a» Second-Class Matter November 29, 1911. at the Post-Office at Rolla. Missonri, under the Act 

of July 18, 1894. Issued Quarterly. 
















THE EXPERIMENT STATION 


Officers of the Station 


Albert Ross Hill, Ph. D., LL« D., - 
Austin D. McRae, S. D., 

Guy Henry Cox, Ph.D., E. M., 

Victor Hugo Gottschalk, M. S., - 
Horace Tharp Mann, E. M., - - 

Martin Harmon Tpiornberry, B. S., - 
Carl Bernard Hummell - 


President of the University 
Director 

Geology and Mineralogy 
Chemistry 

Metallurgy and Ore Dressing 
Research Assistant 
Station Assistant 


The Experiment Station was established June I, 1909. 

It is the object of the Station to conduct such original 
researches or to verify such experiments as relate to the pro¬ 
perties and uses of mineral products; to investigate the engi¬ 
neering problems connected with the mineral industry, the 
economic methods of mining and the preparation of mineral 
products, the methods of preventing waste of the mineral 
resources and the methods of preventing accidents in mines, 
mills, and smelters; to assist in improving the conditions 
surrounding the labor in mines, mills, and smelters; and such 
other researches or experiments as bear directly upon the 
application of mining and metallurgical engineering to the 
mineral industry of the State of Missouri. ' 

Any resident of the State may on request obtain bulle¬ 
tins as issued, or if particularly interested, may be placed on 
the regular mailing list. Correspondence regarding these 
bulletins or the work of the Station may be addressed to the 
Director, Mining 'Experiment Station, Rolla, Missouri, 



SCHOOL OF MINES 
AND METALLURGY 

UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI 


AN INVESTIGATION OF BLENDED 
PORTLAND CEMENT 


* By 

EDGAR S? McGANDLISS, G. E.,* 

\ v > _ ; 

Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering 

And 

HENRY H. ARMSBY, G. E., 

Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering 

*0n leave, Captain 314 Engineers, A. E. F. 





ROLLA. MISSOURI 
1918 


u ^Cakui so a j, 
V l ** 



VIEW IN MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY 























MAY 2 m$ 


156092 


DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 


Elmo Golightly Harris 
Edgar Scott McCandliss 1 
Rolland Schanel Wallis 
Henry Horton Armsby 
R. Stewart Lillard 2 
Edgar C. M. Burkhart 3 
Byron Lee Ashdown 4 
Theodore Christian Gerber 4 
Clarence Edward Bardsley 5 
Ray Otto Shriver 5 
Leslie Carlisle Skeen 5 
William Henry Reber 6 
John Russell Stubbins 7 
John Munson Morris s 


Professor 

Assistant Professor 
Assistant Professor 

- Assistant Professor 
Instructor 

-Instructor 
Student Assistant 
Student Assistant 
Student Assistant 
Student Assistant 
Student Assistant 
-Student Assistant 
Student Assistant 

- Student Assistant 


4 0n leave—Captain, 314 Engineers, A. E. F. 

2 On leave—1st Lieut. U. S. Engineers, A. E. F. 
3 Student Assistant 1915-16 and 1917-18. 

T915-16. 

5 1916-17. 


e 1917-18. 

T917-18 and 1918-19. 
s 1918-19. 


COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS 


J. W. Barley 


H. L. Wheeler 


F. P. Daniels 




CONTENTS 


i 

Page 

Introduction . 1 

Calcareous Cements . 2 

Blended Cements . 3 

Scope of Tests, series one . 5 

A—Neat Cement in Tension . 8 

B—Cement Mortar in Tension . 16 

C—Neat Cement in Compression . 22 

D—Cement Mortar in Compression . 33 

E—Normal Consistency . 40 

F—Time of Setting . 44 

G—Constancy of Volume . 46 

H—Fineness of Sieve Analysis . 46 

I —Chemical Analysis and Specific Gravity . 48 

Summary . 50 

Conclusions . 52 

Series two . 53 

A—Neat Cement in Tension . 54 

B—Time of Grinding . 57 

C—Cement Mortar in Tension . 58 

D—Neat Cement in Compression . 61 

E—Cement Mortar in Compression . 64 

F—Normal Consistency . 68 

G—Time of Setting . 70 

H—Constancy of Volume . 72 

I —Fineness of Sieve Analysis . 72 

J—Chemical Analysis and Specific Gravity. 73 

Summary . 74 

Conclusions . 75 

Appendix A . 77 

Appendix B . 84 

































BULLETIN 

OF THE 

School of Mines and Metallurgy 

UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI 

TECHNICAL SERIES 

VOL. IV MAY, 1918 No. 4 

INTRODUCTION 

In the fall of 1913 in conjunction with the regular class- 
work in the cement testing laboratory of the Missouri School 
of Mines Prof. McCandliss undertook the study of the behav¬ 
ior of sand-blended cements. The results obtained were 
somewhat surprising, hut owing bo the limited facilities for 
carrying on the work, extended investigations were not made 
at that time. But in 1915 with the installation of the present 
well equipped laboratory for the testing of materials, it be¬ 
came feasible to carry out experimentation along more ex¬ 
tensive lines. One of the problems to receive attention was 
the continued study of sand-blended cements. 

The questions taken up were: 

1. Can Portland Cement be blended with sand to pro¬ 
duce a sand-blended cement having the same general physi¬ 
cal properties as Portland Cement? 

2. What amount of sand can be blended with Portland 
Cement without materially impairing the strength of the 
blended mixture ? 

3. In grinding cement clinker, does introducing sand 
with the clinker in a tube or ball mill facilitate fine grinding ? 

About three thousand test specimens for tension and 
compression have been prepared. In order that differences 
due to personal equation might not effect the results all of 
these specimens were prepared by Prof. McCandliss. It was 
planned to have the tests extend over a period of two years. 
The work was started in the fall of 1915 and carried on un¬ 
der the direction of Prof. McCandliss until he entered the 
military service in the spring of 1917. In the fall of 1917 the 
work was turned over to Prof. Armsby, who completed the 
tests in 1918. 

A previous bulletin of this series (Vol. Ill, No. 3) gave 
the results obtained under question 1 for one year. This 
bulletin includes the matter therein presented, with the ad¬ 
dition of the remaining tests for the complete series for two 
years. 

The authors take pleasure in thanking the various 
cement companies for their co-operation in supplying the 
cement for these investigations. They are indebted to Mr. 





2 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 

H. A. Buehler, Director of the Missouri Bureau of Mines and 
Geology, for his assistance and advice, and to Messrs. B. L. 
Ashdown, E. C. Burkhart, C. E. Bardsley, T. C. Gerber, J. M. 
Morris, W. H. Reber, and J. R. Stubbing, students in the 
Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy, for their cheerful 
assistance. 

CALCAREOUS CEMENTS 

The term cement has been applied: To any substance 
or composition which at one temperature or one degree of 
moisture is plastic and at another is tenacious; to adhesive 
mixtures employed to unite objects or parts of objects; to 
any material, capable of adhering to and uniting into a co¬ 
herent mass, fragments of a substance not in itself adhe¬ 
sive ; to any substance which by hardening causes objects 
between which it is applied to adhere firmly; to a tenacious 
infusible substance; to an adhesive or viscous substance; in 
general to any substance capable of uniting or tending to 
unite particles of matter into a compact whole. Lutes, glues, 
solders, gums, putty, mucilage, plasters, limes, hydraulic 
cements, and similar substances are all comprehended in 
this definition. Such a definition embraces a large variety 
of substances which differ one from another in composition, 
behavior, and importance, and have but few charactistics 
in common. Because of this, the term cement has become 
more or less generally restricted to the designation of that 
group or adhesives which is employed in the construction of 
engineering works. Cements of this kind bear a chemical 
relationship to each other, consisting as they do of mixtures 
which contain compounds of lime as their principal ingredi¬ 
ent, in consequence whereof they are termed calcareous ce¬ 
ments. Of these the most important by far is Portland 
Cement. 

Portland Cement is a composition, the principal con¬ 
stituents of which are compounds of lime and clay. The 
abundance of these substances in nature, and the usefulness 
and cheapness of the cement combine to make it a universal 
material of construction. 

The manufacture of Portland Cement is a highly specia¬ 
lized art, but in general it may be briefly outlined as fol¬ 
lows : The clay and the lime are artificially mixed in pre¬ 
determined proportions depending upon the purity of the 
materials. This mixture is reduced by grinding to a fine 
powder and the product roasted at a high temperature. This 
roasting causes the powder to undergo chemical and physi¬ 
cal changes and the result is a semi-vitrified clinker. This 
clinker is commonly adjudged to be inert, or devoid of the 
properties of cements, but when reduced to an extremely 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


3 


fine powder the finest particles possess the property of 
cements. Hence, in general, Portland Cement may be de¬ 
fined as the material obtained by finely pulverizing the 
clinker produced by calcining to incipient vitrification an 
intimate artificial admixture of properly proportioned argil¬ 
laceous and calcareous substances. 

BLENDED CEMENTS 

Why it is that the particles of the cement clinker are 
inert when of appreciable size and that those of inappreciable 
size are active, lias never been conclusively determined. 
Nor has the exact size or upper limits in size of the active 
particles been ascertained. It has, however, been conclu¬ 
sively demonstrated that any particle which will not pass 
through a standard No. 200 screen has no cementing prop¬ 
erties and also that such particles as do pass through this 
screen are not necessarily active, but that a considerable 
percentage of them are practically inert. The present stan¬ 
dard specifications for fineness of Portland Cement permit of 
22% by weight to be retained on a standard No. 200 sieve. 
Hence it follows that commercial Portland Cement is a 
material composed of both active and inert particles, the 
latter being inactive on account of their physical coarse¬ 
ness and their amount being a large percentage of the ce¬ 
ment. The desirability of continuing the grinding to re¬ 
duce this percentage of inactive clinker has been a much 
discussed problem. But since the apparent increase in 
strength in the cement is not in proportion to the increased 
cost of manufacture, and also since the physical behavior of 
the cement so changes with continued grinding that it sets 
more rapidly, it appears that the economic limit of grind¬ 
ing cement clinker has been reached. On the other hand, 
the very fact that these inert particles are present m the 
cement in large amounts and that they are in reality dor¬ 
mant cement, needing only the energy to break them down 
to bring out their latent cementing qualities, suggests the 
presence of a considerable economic waste. If it is neces¬ 
sary to maintain the present graduation in the size of the 
particles in order to control the behavior of the cement, it 
is quite possible that some other substance less expensive 
than cement clinker can be used for the large size particles. 
In other words, if it is necessary to have these inert parti¬ 
cles present in the cement, there are other inert substances 
in nature, which might be used as a substitute for the inert 
clinker particles in case the substitution could be made, 
thus permitting the further reduction of the clinker into 
active cement. It is assumed that such a substitution can 


4 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


be accomplished and it is here proposed to study the effect 
of such procedure. 

The product obtained by mixing Portland Cement with 
some other finely pulverized substance in a dry condition be¬ 
fore being used in mortar or concrete, is commonly termed 
‘‘blended cement.” The substance which is mixed with the 
Portland Cement is designated the ‘‘blending material, or 
the blend.” This latter may be either entirely inactive as 
a cement or may possess cementing qualities. 

The blending of Portland Cement is no innovation as 
the practice probably made its first appearance in the early 
nineties. But, owing to the rapid development of the Port¬ 
land Cement industry with the accompanying reduction in 
the cost of the product, the practice has been largely dis¬ 
continued. These cements were manufactured in general 
by merely mixing the ingredients, Portland Cement and 
the blend, in a ball or tube mill, no especial effort being 
made to continue the grinding of the cement. This pro¬ 
duct was marketed under various trade names such as 
“silica cement,” “sand cement,” “tufa cement,” etc., the 
name depending largely upon the nature of the blending 
material used. While these cements have no importance in 
present construction as a general proposition, still the 
economic advantages derived from such methods have not 
passed into absolute obscurity. Several noteworthy in¬ 
stances might be cited where large constructions have been 
carried on in which blended cement has been used with 
satisfaction, whereby considerable economies have been ef¬ 
fected. Among the more recent and important of these are 
the works of the U. S. Reclamation Service and the Los 
Angeles Aqueduct Commission. In these undertakings the 
justification for using blended cements has been based 
largely upon the excessive transporation charges due to 
the remoteness of the projects from industrial centers. 
While this condition existed, it is unfortunate that thereby 
the inference has been given that otherwise blended ce¬ 
ments would not have been used, for it is quite possible that 
in creating this impression an injustice has been done to a 
worthy practice. The theory has also been advanced that 
only materials containing active or colloidal silica are suit¬ 
able for blending Portland Cement. This, of course, ex¬ 
cludes quartz sand, and here again it is possible that an 
erroneous notion is conveyed, for, although it is not pro¬ 
posed ito discuss the relative merits of quartz sand as a 
blend, yet an endeavor will be made to show that it can be 
used satisfactorily for this purpose. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


5 


MATERIALS 

In selecting the cements for use in this investigation, an 
effort was made to choose such brands of Portland Cement 
as would give some range in the character of the component 
raw ingredients. Three commercial Portland Cements were 
used, viz: Atlas, Lehigh, and Red Ring. The composition 
of the Atlas Portland Cement is Mississippian Limestone and 
Pennsylvanian shale; that of the Lehigh Portland Cement 
is hard Mitchell (Mississippian) limestone and shale; and 
that of the Red Ring Portland Cement, Mississippian lime¬ 
stone, Pennsylvanian shale, together with Loess clay. There 
is no special difference in the methods used in manufactur¬ 
ing these three cements. 

The blending material used was a natural quartz sand 
from Ottawa, Illinois. It was supplied by the Ottawa 
Silica Company and is marketed under the trade name of 
“Banding Sand.” This sand is quite fine but well graded 
and with but slight sifting was found to conform closely in 
gradation to the coarser particles in the Portland Cement, 
and was therefore a suitable substitute for them in making 
the blended cements. 

For mortar specimens, standard Ottawa sand was used. 

Each of these materials was received at the laboratory 
in good condition and stored in suitable containers. The 
Portland Cements were each passed through a No. 20 .sieve 
before storing, to insure uniformity throughout the samples 
and to remove large lumps. 

SCOPE OF TESTS 

Two separate series of tests are included in this report, 
which are called, for convenience, Series I and Series II. 
These two series will be taken up separately. 

SERIES ONE 

DESCRIPTION 

Series I comprises the tests originally outlined for the 
investigation, and comprises three Divisions, called A, B, 
and C. These three Divisions are made up in exactly the 
same manner, but using different brands of cement; Di¬ 
vision A using Atlas Portland Cement, Division B using 
Lehigh Portland Cement, and Division C using Red Ring 
Portland Cement. A Division consists of the cement itself 
and four blended cements. These blended cements were 
composed of (1) such part of the Portland Cement as easily 
passed a No. 200 sieve, and (2) quartz sand, all of which 
passed a No. 65 seivc, and about seventeen per cent of which 
passed a standard No. 200 seive. These blended cements, 


6 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


for convenience of identification, are designated A 10 , A 20 , 
A 30 , and A 40 , the numerals indicating the percentage by 
weight of sand present in the blended cement. 

PURPOSE 

The purpose in view in making up this series was to 
study the behavior of blended cements made up in such a 
way as to approach as closely as possible to the same range 
in gradation in size of particles as occurs in the original 
Portland Cement. In other words, it was proposed to re¬ 
move from the Portland Cement the large, inert particles 
and to substitute for them other inert particles of about the 
same size. No accurate means were devised for determin¬ 
ing the precise amount of the particles removed from the 
Portland Cement, and therefore several combinations were 
used which it was thought would give sufficient range to 
obtain a satisfactory comparison. The end desired was to 
ascertain whether it is essential in Portland Cement, in order 
to maintain its present physical characteristics, to have un¬ 
pulverized clinker for the coarser particles or whether a 
fine sand would serve the purpose equally well, ?« nd being 
used because of its having no cementing tendencies, and 
because of its abundance in nature. 

PROCEDURE 

Coarse particles were removed from :he Portland 
Cements by screening through ? standard No. 200 sieve and 
those of the banding sand by screening through a No. 65 
sieve. Enough of each of these materials was then weighed 
out to produce 500 or 1,000 grams of blended cement in the 
proportion desired, 500 grams being used in making the test 
specimens for tension and 1,000 grams the specimens for 
compression. The sand and cement were then mixed by 
pasing the mixture through a No. 35 screen six times. The 
resulting blended cement was uniform in color and had 
every indication of being well combined. It was noted, 
however, that the materials separated slightly if the con¬ 
tainers were dropped lightly upon the table a few times, a 
fine rim of sand appearing about the base of the cone of 
the cement. Therefore extreme care was taken not to dis¬ 
turb the blended cements after they were made until they 
were formed into test specimens. 

Chemical analyses were made of each of the materials, 
and on each cement of each Division the following physical 
tests were made: (a) Neat tension, (b) mortar tension (c) 
neat compression, (d) mortar compression, (e) normal con¬ 
sistency, (f) time of setting, (g) constancy of volume (nor¬ 
mal and accelerated tests), (h) fineness and sieve analysis 
and (i) specific gravity. The methods for testing cement 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OR MINUS 


7 


recommended by the American Society of Civil Engineers 
(See Transactions Vol. 75) were followed but with the fol¬ 
lowing exceptions: A sieve analysis was made of each of 
the cements. The percentage of water used in making mor¬ 
tar specimens was increased one per cent above the recom¬ 
mended values. Sufficient specimens for neat and mortar 
tension and compression were made to permit of making 
tests at intervals up to and including two years, the average 
of three breaks constituting a test. 

Compressive test specimens were cylinders two inches 
in diameter and two inches high. They were made in 
wooden moulds which had been especially prepared for the 
purpose. These moulds were twelve inches long, four inches 
wide, and two inches high, and were made in two sections. 
The sections were held together with dowels and bolts and 
were provided with three two-inch holes symmetrically 
placed on the axis of the block. Poplar wood was used, 
and the moulds were finished and painted and, as an added 
precaution against absorption of the water from the speci¬ 
mens, the moulds were greased with hard engine oil each 
time before being used. The moulds were satisfactory, and 
good specimens were obtained. No tamping device was 
used, all moulds being filled by hand. 

Compression tests were made with two-screw testing 
machine of the Riehle type, having a capacity of 50,000 
pounds. Each specimen upon being removed from the 
storage tank was calibrated and weighed to ascertain the 
relative density. The specimens were at once mounted in 
the machine on a hemispherical bearing plate and imbedded 
in plaster of Paris. After centering the specimen in the 
machine, a light initial load was applied. After the plaster 
had hardened, continuous load was applied, the moving 
head of the testing machine travelling at a rate of about 
.06 inch per minute unal failure. The load when first crack 
appeared in the specimen, as well as the ultimate load, was 
recorded. These loads were reduced to unit stresses for 
comparison. 

Each of the blended cements was put through the same 
tests as the Portland Cements except that the chemical 
analysis and specific gravities were computed and not de¬ 
termined experimentally and no determinations for fineness 
or sieve analysis were made. In preparing the blended 
cements ench test was prepared separately, only enough of 
the materials being laid out at a time to make three test 
specimens. 

RESULTS OF TESTS 

The complete detailed results of all tests made in this 
investigation are tabulated and appended to this report in 
Appendix B. For ease and convenience in reading the re- 


8 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OP MINES 


suits, Appendix A has been prepared, giving only the final 
average results as they appear in the tables of Appendix B. 
The tables jbf Appendix A were used in plotting the curve 
sheets which follow in the discussion. These curve sheets 
were prepared to facilitate the interpretation of the tabu¬ 
lated results. Tables of comparative strengths have also been 
prepared, and these are also included with the discussion 
which follows. 

(A) Neat Cement in Tension. 

On curve sheet No. lj are plotted the results obtained 
from tension tests of Atlas Portland Cement “A” and the 
blended cements made from the same. (See Table A, Ap¬ 
pendix A). It will be noted from the curves here shown that 
each of these cements meets the requirements for neat ce¬ 
ment in tension of the standard specifications of the Ameri¬ 
can Society for Testing Materials (1916), which are 175; 
500 and 600 pounds at twenty-four hours, seven days, and 
twenty-eight days respectively. In each case the maximum 
strength is attained within the first twelve weeks. Cement 
A, the Portland Cement, attains the greatest maximum 
strength. For comparison of relative strengths, Table I has 
been compiled. It is intended to show in this table the 
relative strengths of the five cements at the various ages of 
testing, the values one to five being assigned to the various 
relative strengths in their order of importance, 1 indicating 
the cement developing maximum strength and 5 indicating 
the one developing the minimum strength at the same period. 

TABLE I 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of 
test in 
weeks 

(24 hr.) 

1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

104 

A 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

3 

3 

1 

Am 

2 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 

A 20 

5 

2 

4 

4 

3 

4 

4 

3 

A 30 

4 

3 

2 

1 

4 

2 

1 

5 

A 40 

3 

4 

3 

3 

2 

1 

2 

2 


From Table I it is seen that cement A ranges first in 
point of strength except for the 24- and 52-week tests, in 
which it is outranked by cements A so and A 40 . A 10 appears 
to be the weakest throughout the run of the tests, A 20 next 
with A 30 and A 40 only slightly inferior to A after 12 weeks. 
From Curve Sheet 1 it appears that A 30 and A 40 attain their 
strength somewhat more slowly than A, but are nearly as 
strong after 12 weeks. 









MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


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13 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OP MINES 


On Curve Sheet 2 are plotted the results obtained from 
tests of Lehigh Portland Cement, “B”, and the blended 
cements from the same. (See Table A, Appendix A). Each 
of these cements meets the requirements of the standard 
specifications of the American Society for Testing Materials 
(1916). It is to be noted also that in each case the maxi¬ 
mum strength is attained within the first twelve weeks, 
Cement “B” attaining the greatest maximum strength. 
Table II is similar to Table I. 


TABLE II 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of ‘ 
test in 
weeks 

(24 hr.] 

i 1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

B 

3 

1 

2 

1 

1 

3 

3 

Bio 

1 

3 

4 

2 

4 

5 

4 

Bai 

2 

2 

1 

5 

2 

1 

5 

1) 

5 

4 

Q 

O 

3 

3 

2 

1 

Bin 

4 

5 

5 

4 

5 

4 

2 


From Table II Cement B seems to rank first in relative 
strength up to and including twelve weeks. Over this 
period of time B 20 ranks second, B 10 third; B 30 , fourth; and 
B 40 , fifth. This relationship is not pronounced, however, 
there being several conflicts. It is quite apparent, however, 
that after twelve weeks B 30 and B. 10 increase in relative im¬ 
portance and are equal or superior to B, while B 10 and B 20 
make a relative less favorable showing. From Curve 
Sheet 2 it is seen that B 30 develops the most uniform 
strength throughout the entire period of testing. 

Unfortunately the specimens for the 104-week tests were 
lost, so no results can be given for this age. 







MISSOURI SCHOOL OP MINES 


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12 MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 

On Curve Sheet 3 are plotted the results obtained 
from testing Red Ring Portland Cement “C” and blended 
cements made from the same, in tension. (See Table A, Ap¬ 
pendix A). Each of these cements meets the requirements of 
the standard specifications of the American Society for 
Testing Materials (1916) In each case the maximum 
strength was attained in twelve weeks. Cement “C” at¬ 
tains the greatest maximum strength. Table III is similar 
to Table I. 


TABLE III 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of 
test in 
weeks 

(24 hr.) 1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

104 

c 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

3 

1 

ClO 

3 

2 

2 

2 

3 

5 

5 

5 

C 20 

2 

3 

4 

5 

O 

u 

4 

4 

4 

C 30 

5 

4 

5 

4 

5 

1 

2 

2 

C 40 

4 

5 

3 

3 

4 

2 

1 

3 

From Table 

III it is 

seen 

that the 

cements 

in this 

Di- 

vision 

follow practically 

the 

same 

variations 

in relative 


strength as those in the “A” Division, with C ranking first, 
C 30 and C 40 only slightly inferior, C 20 ranking fourth and 
C 10 last. 





MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


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14 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


On Curve Sheet 4 are plotted the results obtained by 
averaging the corresponding tests plotted on Curve Sheets 
I, II, and III. (See Table A “Average of averages/ 7 Ap¬ 
pendix A). From this Curve Sheet it is seen that in each 
case the requirements of the standard specifications of the 
American Society for Testing Materials (1916) are satisfied. 
The maximum tensile strength is attained in each case in the 
first twelve weeks. The average of the commercial Portland 
Cements attains the greatest maximum strength. Table IV 
is similar to Table I. 


TABLE IV 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

(24 hr.) 1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

104 

A-B-C 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

•1 

O 

3 

1 

A : > JC i.i Ci t 

2 

4 

3 

4 

5 

5 

5 

5 

A 2 n B 20 C 20 

3 

2 

2 

5 

3 

4 

4 

4 

A 30 B;(i) C.30 

5 

3 

3 

2 

2 

1 

1 

3 

Am B 40 C 40 

4 

5 

5 

O 

t) 

4 

2 

2 

2 

From 

Table 

IV it 

is seen 

that 

the 

“Average 

of 

aver- 


ages'’ curves conform to the same variations as the single 
curves do, with the same relative ranks for the different 
blends. It is to be noted in all these curves that the changes 
in relative rank in the 24- and 52-week tests are not due to 
increased strengths in the cements containing 30 and 40 
per cent blend, but rather to decreasing strengths in the 
others. The average of the cements with a blend of 45 per 
cent develops a strength at the age of about four weeks. 
This strength it retains quite consistently as the age increases 
during the fifty-two weeks of test. The maximum range in 
variation during this period is about 70 pounds or about ten 
per cent of the average strength developed. It is interest¬ 
ing to note that the average variation or range in the 
strengths at the successive periods of testing is about 120 
pounds. From a comparison of Curves A, B, and C from 
Curve Sheets 1, 2, 3, it is seen that the average variation in 
strength of these commercial cements is about 108 pounds. 
Fi om this observation, it would seem that had commercial 
Portland Cements been tested instead of the blended cements 
and in all other respects had the results been averaged as 





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MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


has been done on Curve Sheet 4, there would have been 
developed a variation in the strengths practically as great 
as shown here. In other words there seems to be but little 
more variation in the strength shown on curve sheet 4 than 
might reasonably be expected from that number of commer¬ 
cial Portland Cements, and that in the matter of neat cement 
in tension within the scope of this investigation the blended 
cements compare favorably with commercial Portland Ce¬ 
ments. 

(B) Cement Mortar in Tension. 

On Curve Sheet 5 are plotted the results of tests for ten¬ 
sion of 1 to 3 mortar specimens of Atlas Portland Cement 
A and blended cements of the same. (See Table B, Appen¬ 
dix A). It will be noted that with the exception of Cement 
A each of the cements satisfied the requirements of the 
standard specifications of the American Society for Testing 
Materials for mortar briquettes in tension, which for 1916 
are 200 and 275 pounds per square inch at the ages of seven 
and twenty-eight days respectively. The specifications for 
1917 require 300 pounds per square inch to be developed at 
the age of twenty-eight days. In each case the maximum 
strength is attained in the first twelve weeks. Cement A 
attains the least maximum strength. Cement A 40 attained 
a strength of about 350 pounds at four weeks and main 
tained this strength throughout the remainder of the period. 
The maximum variation after the first four weeks was about 
300 pounds. For the comparison of relative strengths 
Table V has been prepared. It is similar to Table I. 


TABLE V 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

104 

A 

. 5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

Aio 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

A 20 

2 

2 

2 

3 

2 

1 

3 

A 30 

3 

3 

3 

2 

3 

3 

2 

A 40 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 


From Table V it is seen that in relative strength A 10 
ranks first; A 20 , second; A 30 , third; A 40 , fourth, while the 
commercial Portland Cement “A” ranks last throughout 
the entire period of testing. 









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MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


118 

On Curve Sheet 6 are plotted the results of tests for ten¬ 
sion of 1 to 3 mortar specimens of Lehigh Portland Cement 
“B”, and blended cements of the same. (See Table B, Ap¬ 
pendix A). It will be noted that each of these cements 
meets the requirements of the standard specifications of the 
American Society for Testing Materials (1916 or 1917), for 
mortar briquettes in tension. Cements B and B 40 are con¬ 
sidered as conforming with the 1917 specifications at an age 
of one week, with strengths of 197 and 194 pounds per 
square inch, respectively, in view of their showing ax the 
age of four weeks. Maximum strengths are attained within 
the first twelve weeks except in the case of B 10 which shows 
a maximum strength at fifty-two weeks. Table VI is similar 
to Table I. 

TABLE VI 
Series I 


RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

B 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

Bio 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

B->o 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

B 30 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

Q 

tj 

Bio 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 


By reference to Table VI it is seen that B 10 easily ranks 
first in relative strength throughout the entire period of 
tension; B 20 , second; B 30 , third; “B”, fourth; and B 40 , fifth. 

Unfortunately the specimens for the 104-week tests were 
lost, so no results can be given for this age. 





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MISSOURI' SCHOOL OF MINES 


On Curve Sheet 7 are plotted the results of the tests 
for tension of 1 to 3 mortar specimens of Red Ring Port¬ 
land Cement “C” and blended cements oft the same. (See 
Table B, Appendix A). These results seem to be less uni¬ 
form than those shown or the v - two previous curve sheets. It 
will be noted, however, that each of these cements satisfac¬ 
torily meets the requirements of the standard specifications 
of the American Society for Testing Materials of mortar bri¬ 
quettes in tension (1916). In each case the maximum strength 
is attained within the first twelve-week period. Table VII 
is similar to Table V. 


TABLE VII 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

104 

C 

4 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

2 

Cio 

1 

4 

9 

u 

1 

1 

1 

1 

C 20 

2 

1 

1 

3 

4 

2 

3 

C 30 

3 

5 

2 

4 

9 

O 

4 

3 

C 40 

5 

3 

5 

5 

5 

5 

-5 


From Table Til, while it is more difficult to fix relative 
strength than in some of the previous cases, it is apparent 
that C 40 should be classified last or fifth in strength ; C 30 
should probably receive fourth place; of the remainder, the 
classification is more difficult and less well defined, but the 
classification suggested places C 10 first, C 20 second, and C 
third. It will be noted that this classification corresponds 
to the relative strengths developed at 1, 12, and 52 weeks, 
respectively. 





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22 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


The values plotted on Curve Sheet 8 represent the re¬ 
sults obtained by averaging corresponding values from 
those plotted on Curve Sheets 5, 6, and 7. (See Table B, 
“Average of averages/’ Appendix A). The results obtain¬ 
ed from averaging A, B, and C, the three specimens of com¬ 
mercial cement mortar in tension, should represent approxi¬ 
mately the behavior of an average commercial Portland 
Cement. This curve sheet corresponds with Curve Sheet 
4 except that the latter is for neat cement in tension. It 
will be noted here that each of these cements satisfies the 
requirements of the standard specifications of the Ameri¬ 
can Society for Testing Materials (1916) for cement mortar 
in tension. Each of the cements attain maximum strength 
during the first twelve weeks. The differences in strength 
at any age is not radical, 100 pounds being an approximate 
average range in strength. For ascertaining relative 
strengths Table VIII is shown which is similar to Table I. 


TABLE VIII 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

1 

4 

8 

12 

24 

52 

104 

ABC 

4 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

An 

Bn Cto 

1 

O 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

-L 

Am 

B20 C20 

2 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

3 

A 30 

B 30 Cso 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

An 

Bn C40 

5 

4 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 


Table VIII gives the following classifications: A 10 ,B 10 , 
first ; A 20 , B 20 , C 2 o second ; A 30 , B 30 , C 30 third; A, B, C 

fourth; and A 40 , B 40 , C 40 , fifth. By reference to Curve Sheet 
8, it is seen that there is but little difference in strength 
in A, B, C and A 40 , B 40 , C 40 . In the case of cement mortar 
in tension, the results of these investigations show that the 
blended cements are equal or superior to Portland Cement. 

(C) Neat Cement In Compression. 

The results obtained from each cement in compression 
cannot be considered satisfactory in all respects. They are 
apparently inconsistent and contradictory. Tests of a ce¬ 
ment made at different time periods seem to follow no 
general law. In some cases, maximum strengths occur with 
the oldest tests; in others, at the early test periods. The 






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24 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


cause of this eccentricity in results is not apparent. Ex¬ 
treme care was maintained throughout the entire period of 
experimentation in order to secure uniform conditions, and 
it is felt that all .specimens were treated substantially alike. 
If it is characteristic of neat cement in compression to show 
no more uniformity in the results than those here obtained, 
there seem to be no data available to establish the fact. It 
is significant, however, that the results obtained from the 
Portland Cements -are no more consistent than those gotten 
from the blended cements, and in no single instance do the 
results obtained show uniformity of behavior throughout. 
The like blended cements of the three commercial Port¬ 
lands show but slight similarity and the commercial Port¬ 
lands differ one from the other in behavior. The results ob¬ 
tained are submitted without further apology, but it is 
hoped that further experimentation will afford a basis for 
a satisfactory explanation of the behavior of these cements 
in compression. Attention is called to the fact, that this is 
not a standard test, and in consequence there is no specifi¬ 
cation to he satisfied, but none of all of these tests, with but 
a single slight exception, falls below the limit of safety for 
most large buildings, that is 5000 pounds per square inch. 

On Curve Sheet 9 are plotted the results obtained 
from testing Atlas Portland Cement “A” and blended ce¬ 
ments of the same in compression (neat). (See Table C, 
Appendix A.) As has been noted, there seems to be no uni¬ 
formity in the behavior of the various curves. Cement “A” 
shows a substantial increase in strength throughout the du¬ 
ration of the test, and it would appear that the maximum 
strength which this cement may attain has not been reached. 
Unfortunately the 104-week specimens were lost, sa that it 
can not be stated as a fact, but it is probable that the 
strength developed at 52 weeks would not be greatly in¬ 
creased at later periods. 

Cement A 10 follows closely cement A within the first 
24 weeks, there being but slight preference between them. 
The unusual drop experienced in the 52- and 104-week tests 
of A 10 is one of the surprises encountered. 

Cement A 20 develops no unusual characteristics, the 
average result throughout the entire period being fairly con¬ 
sistent. The same may be observed of A 30 . The most un¬ 
usual development in the tests of A 40 seems to be the rela¬ 
tively low strength at 52 wfeeks. 

. Table IX is similar to the previous tables, used in com¬ 
paring relative strength at the various time-intervals num- 
era sl-o being assigned to the highest and lowest strengths. 


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26 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


TABLE IX 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

a 

12 

24 

52 

A 

3 

2 

2 

1 

Aio 

4 

1 

1 

5 

A 20 

1 

3 

4 

2 

A30 

2 

4 

3 

3 

A40 

5 

5 

5 

4 


Up to the 52-week tests, A 10 has developed the highest 
average relative strength ; A, second; A 20 , third; A 30 , fourth ; 
and A 40 , fifth, although the first four classifications are not 
consistently defined. Inclusive of the 52-week tests the re¬ 
lative classification gives Cement “A” first rank; A 20 , sec¬ 
ond ; A 10 , third; A 30 , fourth; and A 40 , fifth. No direct com¬ 
parison can be made for the 104-week tests, as the “A” 
specimens were lost, but in view of the very great drop in 
the A 10 specimens it appears that the final rank should be 
A, A 20 , A 30 , A 40 , and A 10 last. 


Curve Sheet 10 is similar to Curve Sheet 9, except that 
the results plotted are for Lehigh Portland Cement *‘B” 
and blended cements of the same. (See Table C, Appendix 
A.) Here again many inconsistencies seem to exist; the 
tests of Cement “B” show marked variation in strength, 
it having attained a maximum strength at twelve weeks 
with an accompanying falling off of about 2500 pounds at 
the 24-week test-period. B 10 develops an unusual strength 
at twelve weeks, but this is not maintained at the later 
period of testing. This cement develops a very satisfactory 
average strength throughout the period of testing. B 90 de¬ 
velops very satisfactory strengths up to and including 24 
weeks; but the 52-week test is unusually low. This 52-week 
test gave results, however, which are sufficiently uniform 
in range to warrant their acceptance and therefore no check 
tests were run. B 30 is similar to B 20 , the average results be¬ 
ing somewhat higher. B 40 seems to give the most consist¬ 
ent results of any of the cements in this series in point of 
range in strength developed, although its average strength 
is the lowest. The average strength of B 40 is about 6400 
pounds per square inch over the entire period of testing 
Table X is similar to Table IX. 





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MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


TABLE X 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

4 

12 

24 

52 

B 

3 

2 

5 

1 

Bio 

2 

1 

3 

2 

B 20 

1 

3 

2 

5 

B 30 

3 

5 

1 

3 

B 40 

5 

4 

4 

4 


In point of relative strength B 10 seems to rank first. 
Since “B” and B 20 have the same relative strengths during 
the entire period of testing, there is but little preference 
between them for second relative rank. B 30 assumes fourth 
place, and B 40 , fifth; this distinction, however, is not well 
defined; in point of excellence there seems to be but little 
real preference between cements B, B 10 , B 20 , and B 30 . B 40 is 
on the average probably somewhat inferior in strength to 
the others, but this inferiority is not pronounced. 

The “B'’ specimens for 104 weeks were lost, and hence 
no comparison is made for this age. 

Curve Sheet 11 is similar to 9, differing only in the com¬ 
mercial cements used. The results here plotted are those 
obtained from tests of Red Ring Portland Cement ‘ ‘C” and 
blended cements of the same. (See Table C, Appendix A.) 
Were it not for the high strength attained at the 24-week 
period by Cement C 20 , the curves here shown might seem 
to indicate that the various cements behave in a more or less 
uniform manner. The maximum strength in each case was 
developed at 24 weeks, with an accompanying falling off in 
strength at the test period of 52 weeks, increasing again for 
the 104-week tests. 

TABLE XI 

Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 


4 12 24 52 


104 



4 

2 

1 

3 

5 


1 

2 

5 

3 

4 


3 

4 
2 
1 

5 


2 

4 
3 
1 

5 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 


















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MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


The above table, like the two previous ones, shows' so 
much variation that it is problematical whether it has much 
real significance. From this table and in conjunction with 
Curve Sheet 11 the following relative classification is made: 
It is seen that cement C 30 is far superior to the other tests 
at the 24 and 52-week peroids and is therefore given first 
relative rank. There is but little choice between C, C 10 , and 
C 20 , but should a distinction be made it is probable that 
“ C ’ 7 should receive second place, C 20 , third; and C 10 , 
fourth. C 40 ranks fifth in relative importance. 

Curve Sheet 12 is similar to Curve Sheet 8 in that 
the results plotted are the average of the three brands of 
commercial cement and the averages of the corresponding 
blended cements. (See Table C, “Average of averages,” 
Appendix A.) This sheet shows the average results of neat 
cements in compression and is intended to represent such 
results as may be expected from an average Portland Ce¬ 
ment and blended cements from the same. Here, as with 
the results which have been averaged, inconsistencies ap¬ 
pear, but in less degree than these have been previously 
noted to occur. From averaging the results from testing 
commercial cements A, B, and C, it is seen that the strength 
increases satisfactorily up to the 24-week period, after 
which there is a falling off in strength. This is not exces¬ 
sive, however, and a complete recovery is noted at the 52- 
week test-period. In averaging the results of tests of A 10 , 
Bio, C 10 , an unusual increase is noted up to the 12-week 
period of testing. The succeeding tests, however, fall off 
very markedly, the strength at 52 weeks being considerably 
lower than that at 24. The averages obtained from A 20 , B 20 , 
and C 20 show rather high strengths at four weeks. This 
characteristic has been noted in each of the separate 20 per 
cent blended cements. This high strength is not maintained 
at the twelve-week test-period, although the falling off is 
not excessive, the unit stress being about 500 pounds. A re¬ 
covery is noted at 24 weeks with an accompanying falling 
off at the 52-week test-period. It may be said that the 
average strength throughout the entire period of testing of 
this average cement is - quite satisfactory and uniform. The 
results obtained from averaging A 3p , B^ 0 , and C 30 give a 
curve which is not unusual; there is a consistent increase 
in strength up to and including 24 weeks with a subsequent 
reduction in strength at 52 weeks. This reduction is not 
excessive and a further increase is noted at the age of two 
years. The average results of A 40 , B 40 , C 40 give a curve 
which is quite similar to A 30 , B 30 , C 30 , the results obtained 


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32 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OH MINES 


at any period of testing, however, being somewhat lower. 
The relative comparison of strengths is interesting. This 
is afforded by a study of Table XII, which is similar to the 
tables of relative strength previously alluded to. 

TABLE XII 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 4 

in weeks 


a'b c 


10 

Bio 

C 10 

4 

20 

Boo 

Coo 

1 

30 

B 30 

C 30 

2 

•10 

Bio 

C 40 

5 


1Z 24 52 


2 4 1 

12 4 

3-2 3 

4 1 2 

5 5 5 


By reference to the above table and Curve Sheet 12, 
the following relative comparison is made. In reverse 
order it is noted that the average of cements A 40 , B 40 , C 40 is 
consistently lowest in strength and therefore is classified 
fifth. Due to the falling off in .strength at the 24- and 52- 
week periods, the average of cements A 10 , B 10 , C 10 is given 
fourth rank in relative importance. Of the three remain¬ 
ing averages, there is scarcely sufficient variation in 
strengths to warrant relative differentiation. The averages 
of the 30 percent blended cements show a slight increase 
over the 20 per cent averages, the falling off in strength at 
the 12-week period is against the later, and the greater 
strength developed in the former at the later periods may 
warrant the average of A 30 , B 30 , C 30 being classified ahead 
of the average of A 20 , B 20 , C 20 . No effort is made to differ¬ 
entiate between the average results of A, B, C, and A 
C 


30? J^30> 


' 30 * 


It should be noted throughout these tests in compres¬ 
sion that while irregularities occur they are not confined 
to the blended cements. The Portland Cements manifest 
eccentricities difficult to explain. The results were not all 
that was expected, but if they have been interpreted aright 
they indicate that the blended cements compare favorably 
with the Portland Cements in tests for neat compression. 










MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


33 


(D) Cement Mortar in Compression. 

The American Society for Testing Materials, in the re¬ 
vision of standard specifications and tests for Portland Ce¬ 
ment, proposed the addition of a test which has not hitherto 
been required, namely, a test for compressive strength of 
Portland Cement mortar. (See proceedings of the Ameri¬ 
can Society for Testing Materials Vol. 16, page 590.) It is 
proposed that the average strength in pounds per square 
inch of not less than three standard test pieces composed of 
one part of cement and three parts of sand, by weight, shall 
be equal to or greater than 1200 pounds per square inch at 
the age of seven days and 2000 pounds per square inch at 
the age of 28 days, the specimens having been stored one 
day in moist air the remaining time in water. It is proposed 
that the test pieces be cylinders 2 inches in diameter and 4 
inches high. The results herein reported differ from the 
above suggestions only in the method of manufacture and 
in the height of cylinders. The specimens used were 2 
inches high instead of 4 inches, as recommended. It should 
be noted that these specimens were prepared before the 
appearance of the tentative revisions of the American So¬ 
ciety for Testing Materials. No tests were made at seven 
days. 

On Curve Sheet 13 are plotted the results obtained 
from testing mortar specimens of Atlas Portland Cement 
“A” and blended cements of the same. (See Table D Ap¬ 
pendix A.) The strengths obtained increased consistently 
during the first 12 weeks and with but one exception, (A 40 ), 
attained strengths greater than 2000 pounds per square 
inch at 28 days (the proposed requirements as noted 
above). With the exception of A 10 all cements attain 
their maximum strength at 12 weeks, A 10 attaining it at 24 
weeks. A relative comparison in strength is afforded by 
Table XIII, which is similar to the previous tables. 


34 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINUS 


TABLE XIII 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 



Age of test 4 

in weeks 

8 

12 

24 

52 

104 

A 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

A 10 

2 

3 

1 

3 

3 

2 

A*. 

3 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

A*. 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

A id 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 


Cement “A” seems to have attained the highest rela¬ 
tive strength throughout the period of testing* although 
after the 12 weeks tests this classification is not so pro¬ 
nounced. There is but little choice between A 10 and A 20 
and these are easily superior to A 30 and A 40 , the latter re¬ 
ceiving fourth and fifth places respectively in relative 
strengths. 

A noticeable fact, which is not explained, is that each 
cement shows a decrease in strength from the 52-week to the 
104-week test, all in about the same ratio. 







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36 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


Curve Sheet 14 is similar to Curve Sheet 13, the results 
plotted being attained from compressive tests of mortar 
specimens of Lehigh Portland Cement “B and blended 
cements of the same. (See Table D, Appendix A.) The 
results shown, with the exception of Cement B 40 satisfy the 
proposed requirements, as has been previously noted, of the 
American Society for Testing Materials at 28 days. There 
is not quite the same consistency in results here as is shown 
on Curve Sheet 13. Cement “B” shows a loss in strength 
at 12 weeks. This loss is not excessive and is overcome as 
shown in the 24- and 52-week tests. Cement B 10 shows 
rather more uniform results than does A 10 and the strengths 
attained average somewhat higher. The curve B 20 attains 
the highest strength at 12 weeks with an accompanying 
falling off at 24. The maximum strength, however, is at¬ 
tained at 52 weeks. The average strength of this cement 
throughout the entire period of testing is quite high, being 
about 3100 pounds per square inch. A consistent increase 
in strength is shown in the results of B 30 , up to 24 weeks 
when the maximum strength is attained. The loss at 52 
weeks, however, is not excessive nor unusual. Cement B 40 
shows rather lower strengths at all periods of testing than 
do the other cements, the curve is quite uniform, however, 
and is probably quite representative of cement mortars 
having such high percentage <of blending material in the 
cement. Table XIV is similar to Table XIII. 

TABLE XIV 

Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 4 12 24 52 

in weeks 


B 1 

Bio 2 

B20 3 

B30 4 

B 40 5 


2 12 

1 1 1 

3 4 3 

4 3 4 

5 5 5 


A study of the above table in conjunction with Curve 
Sheet 14 shows but little choice between Cements “B” 
and B 10 , but a slight preference at the early periods of test¬ 
ing for the former seems to be warranted. At the later 
periods, however, the preference is reversed. In conse¬ 
quence, the following classification is given: Cement B 10 









MISSOURI SCHOOL OK MINES 


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38 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


ranks first; “B”, second; B 20 , third; B 30 , fourth; and B 40 , 
fifth. As the “B” specimens for 104 weeks were lost, no 
comparison is made at this age. 

Curve Sheet 15 shows the plotted results of mortar com¬ 
pression tests of Red Ring Portland Cement “C and the 
blended cements of the same. (See Table D, Appendix A.) 

A wide range in the results obtained in this series of 
tests characterizes this curve sheet. The values obtained 
by Cement “C” are uniformly high; those by C 40 are low; 
the difference in strength averages about 2300 pounds per 
square inch throughout the entire period of testing. It is 
felt that this range is probably excessive. Separately, the 
curves may be considered quite satisfactory. Curve “C’ : 
attains maximum strength at twelve weeks with a reduc¬ 
tion at 24 weeks, followed by a gain at 52 weeks and a fur¬ 
ther gain at 104 weeks. Curve C 10 consistently increases in 
strength to a maximum at 24 weeks with a slight reduction 
in strength at 52 weeks and at 104 weeks. Curve C 20 is 
similar to Curve “C” in outline; the strengths developed in 
the former range about two-thirds of those of the latter. 
The results of testing C 30 give a curve which is in no sense 
unusual, a consistent increase in strength being noted up to 
twenty-four weeks with a slight falling off in the 52-week 
test. Curve C 40 is consistently lower in strengths than the 
other curves. Table XY is similar to the previous tables of 
relative strengths. 


TABLE XV 
Series I 

RELATIVE STRENGTHS 


Age of test 
in weeks 

1 

12 

24 

52 

104 


c 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 


ClO 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 


C,0 

3 

3 

4 

3 

3 


C30 

4 

4 

3 

4 

5 


C40 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 



The above table shows an easy comparison of relative 
strengths, the strengths decreasing as the blending material 
increases. The mortar from the commercial Portland Ce¬ 
ment ranks higher in strength throughout the entire peroid 
of testing. 






) h 1/ . 

MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 39 































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































40 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


The results obtained from averaging the corresponding 
tests of the three previous curve sheets are plotted on Curve 
Sheet 16. (See Table D, “Average of averages,” Appen¬ 
dix A.) 

It will be noted that the results of tests of mortar speci¬ 
mens from the 40 per cent blended cements are relatively 
low, falling below the requirements of the proposed specifi¬ 
cations of the American Society for Testing Material. Re¬ 
sults from the tests of the 30 per cent blended cements re¬ 
veal higher strengths than those of the 40 per cent but in 
this case the requirements of the proposed specifications of 
the American Society for Testing Material are not satis¬ 
fied, the strengths being about 60 pounds per square inch 
less than the requirements at 28 days. The results from 
the 10 and 20 per cent blended cement mortars are well 
within the specifications referred to and are quite satis¬ 
factory in strength throughout the entire period of testing. 
A relative comparison is made from Curve Sheet 16. Here 
is it easily seen that the strengths developed throughout 
the entire period of testing vary inversely with the amount 
of blending material used, in an almost direct ratio. 

(E) Normal Consistency. 

The amount of water required to bring the various 
cement pastes to normal consistency is plotted on Curve 
Sheet 17. (See Table XYI). As would be expected, the 
amount of water increases rapidly from that required for 
Portland Cement to that required for the 10 per cent blend¬ 
ed cement. For, as has been previously stated, the latter 
carries a higher percentage of the extremely fine Portland 
Cement than does the former, and in consequence should de¬ 
mand more water if the same degree of hydration is to take 
place. As the percentage of the blending material increases, 
the amount of water required should decrease and this as¬ 
sumption is clearly shown to be correct by the accompany¬ 
ing curve sheet. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


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42 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


It was assumed in preparing the blended cements that 
about 30 per cent of the Portland Cement was removed, that 
which was retained on a No. 200 sieve being at least that 
amount. The sifting was not continued to the extent that 
would be required in a test for fineness. It is not unusual, 
then, that the 30 per cent blended cement requires approxi¬ 
mately the same amount of water for normal consistency 
as the Portland Cement. As the percentage of water re¬ 
quired for normal consistency for mortar specimens was 
obtained from the standard conversion tables of the specifi¬ 
cations of the United States Government for Portland Ce- 
m’ent mortar, the characteristics noted above apply to mor¬ 
tar as well as to cement paste. 

TABLE XVI 

Series I 

TIME OF SET AIM) NORMAL CONSISTENCY 


Time of Set 
By Vicat 


Normal Consistency 


Initial 


Final 



Hours 

Minutes 

Hours 

Minutes 

Neat Paste 
Per Cent 

1:3 Sand 
Mortar 

Per Cent 

A 

2 

50 

5 

20 

22 

10.2 

A io 

0 

20 

5 

10 

26 

10.8 

A-o 

1 

35 

5 

30 

23 

10.3 

A 30 

4 

40 

8 

30 

22% 

10.25 

A 40 

5 

03 

6 

23 

21% 

10.1 

B 

4 

55 

9 

00 

21 

10.1 

Rio 

3 

15 

6 

20 

24 

10.5 

R 20 

2 

15 

5 

50 

22% 

10.25 

R 30 

5 

45 

9 

35 

22 

10.2 

Rio 

7 

35 

10 

15 

21 

9.9 

C 

1 3 

50 

1 5 

| 55 

1 21% 

10.1 

C 10 

3 

45 

6 

— 

25 

10.7 

C 20 

4 

35 

8 

10 

23% 

10.4 

C 30 

5 

02 

7 

25 

22% 

10.25 

C 40 

4 

55 

A 

7 

averages 

25 

21% 

10.1 

A, B, (J 

3 

52 

6 

45 

21% 

10.13 

-Ao Bio C 10 

2 

27 

5 

50 

25 

10.66 

Aoo B 20 C 20 

2 

48 

6 

30 

23 

10.32 

A 30 B 30 C 30 

5 

09 

8 

30 

22 1 / 3 
217s 

10.23 

A 40 B 40 (J40 

5 

51 

8 

01 

10.03 



































MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


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MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


(F) Time of Setting*. 

The time required to produce initial and final setting 
was determined with the Vicat apparatus, and is shown 
plotted on Curve Sheets 18 and 19, respectively. It is tabu¬ 
lated in Table XVI. It is significant that the time of set¬ 
ting is less in the case of the 10 per cent blended cements 



than with the Portland Cements. As the percentage of 
blending material increases, the time of setting increases 
until, when a blending material of between 20 and 30 per 
cent has been used, the time of setting of the blended ce- 



















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


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46 


MISSOURI SCHOOL o:<’ MINUS 

ment is equal to that of the Portland Cement. The 40 per 
cent blended cements are somewhat slower in setting than 
the Portland Cements. 

(G) Constancy of Volume. 

The usual tests, normal and accelerated, for the deter¬ 
minations of soundness were made. The standard methods 
suggested by the American Society of Civil Engineers were 
followed in these tests. The specimens were observed for 
periods of one year and in every instance the standard 
specifications were fulfilled. Each of the specimens re¬ 
mained true and sound throughout this entire period. 

(H) Fineness and Sieve Analysis. 

The curves of sieve analysis shown on Curve Sheet 20 
were plotted from the data compiled in Table XVII. It 
will be noted that the fineness of these Portland Cements 
easily satisfied the specifications of the American Society 
for Testing Materials and that there was but little differ¬ 
ence in the gradation of the size of particles, cements A and 
B having almost identical curves of sieve analysis. The 
banding sand is shown to be well graded between the No. 
65 and No. 200 sieves, this portion of the curve comparing 
favorably with the same portion of the Portland Cement 
curves. By combining this cement and sand, as has been 
previously indicated, that is, by using only that portion of 
the cement passing the No. 200 sieve and that portion of 
the sand passing the No. 65 sieve, a combined curve can be 
obtained which is quite similar to the Portland Cement 
curves. Curve Sheet 21 has been prepared showing the gra¬ 
dation of the Portland Cement after the removal of the 
coarse particles (those retained upon a No. 200 sieve) and 
of the banding sand after the removal of particles larger 
than the No. 65 sieve openings. The combinations of these 
are shown as combined curves and are typical of the grada¬ 
tion of the blended cements. It will be noted here that the 
blended cement containing 30 percent of sand has a grada¬ 
tion in size of particles almost identical with that of the 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OP MINES 


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43 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


Portland Cements. The data plotted on Curve Sheet 21 
were computed but it is thought that they should reasonably 
approximate experimentally derived data. 

TABLE XVII 

Series I 

SIEVE ANALYSIS 


Cement 

Series No. 

Percentages 

Passing 

No. 200 

Retained on 

No. 200 

Retained on 

No. 150 

Retained on 

No. 100 

Retained on 

No. 65 

Retained on 

No. 48 

Retained on 

No. 35 

A 

78 0 


22.0 

15.3 

5.6 

0.7 

0.1 

0.0 

B 

78.2 


21.8 

15.9 

6.1 

0.75 

0.0 

0.0 

C 

77.3 


22.7 

16.4 

4.6 

0.8 

0.3 

0.1 

Sand 

17.9 


82.1 

55.9 

16.4 

5.1 

1.8 

0.6 


(I) Chemical Analysis and Specific Gravity. 

The chemical analyses recorded in Table XYill are part¬ 
ly laboratory determinations and partly determinations ar¬ 
rived at by computation. The three commercial Portland 
Cements and the Banding Sand were analyzed by Mr. R. P. 
Rinker, Chemist for the Missouri Bureau of Geology and 
Mines, through the courtesy of Mr. H. A. Buehler, Director. 
Analyses were furnished by the various cement companies. 
1 he results obtained by Mr. Rinker and those furnished by 
the Cement companies are so nearly identical that only those 
of the former are shown. The analyses of the various 
blended cements are the results of combining the analysis 
of the banding sand with the analysis of the Portland Ce¬ 
ment blended in the ratio of the combination, sand to cement. 




















MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


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50 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


TABLE XVIII 
Series I 

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY 
Analysis of Cements 


Cement 

Serial 

Number 

Ignition 

Loss 

Percentage of 

Sp. 

Gr. 

0 

• H 

CP 

CO 

O 

<N 

£ 

CO 

O 

Cl 

< 

CaO 

MgO 

CO 

O 

CP 

Total 

Computed 

Determined 

A 

1.80 

21.48 

2.57 

5.89 

63.32 

3.00 

1.50 

100.06 


3.184* 


1.65 

29.64 

2.28 

5.30 

56.97 

2.70 

1.30 

99.90 

3.135 

* 

-A -20 

1.50 

37.31 

2.02 

4.86 

50.66 

2.40 

1.20 

99.95 

3.084 


A. 30 

1.35 

44.88 

1.89 

4.33 

44.33 

2.10 

1.05 

99.93 

3.033 

* 

A 40 

1.21 

52.65 

1.66 

3.81 

38.01 

1.80 

0.90 

100.04 

2.984 

* 

B 

1.80 

21.46 

2.85 

6.81 

63.56 

2.10 

1.46 

100.04 


3.176* 

Rio 

1.65 

29.18 

2.59 

6.20 

57.21 

1.89 

1.31 

100.03 

3.126 

* 

B 20 

1.50 

36.90 

2.31 

5.58 

50.85 

1.68 

1.17 

99.99 

3.076 

• 

R30 

1.35 

44.62 

2.09 

4.97 

44.49 

1.47 

1.02 

100.01 

3.028 

* 

R40 

1.21 

52.32 

1.83 

4.36 

38.14 

1.26 

0.87 

99.99 

2.977 

* 

c 

0.60 

22.70 

3.07 

7.55 

63.58 

1.22 

1.53 

99.85 


3.208* 

c 10 

0.57 

30.08 

2.79 

6.87 

56.80 

1.09 

1.37 

99.57 

3.155 

* 

Coo 

0.54 

37.88 

2.51 

6.18 

50.61 

0.97 

1.22 

99.91 

3.102 

* 

C 30 

0.52 

45.49 

2.24 

5.49 

44.21 

0.85 

1.07 

99.87 

3.049 

* 

C40 

0.49 

53.08 

1.96 

4.81 

37.91 

0.73 

0.91 

99.89 

2.996 

* 

Banding Sand 

0.32 

98.66 

0.31 

0.69 

0.04 



100.02 


2.681* 


*Laboratory Analysis. * Computed Analysis. 


SUMMARY 

In summarizing the foregoing, the following observa¬ 
tions have been noted: 

(A) Neat Cement in Tension. 

Portland Cement and blended cements gain in strength 
at approximately the same rate. 

Portland Cement develops slightly greater strength at 
early periods of testing than does a blended cement. 

At 24 weeks and later the 30 and 40 per cent blended 
cements are equal in strength to the Portland Cement, the 
10 and 20 per cent blended cements showing to slightly 
less advantage. 

<t‘ ' 

(B) Cement Mortar In Tension. 

The rate of gain in strength in Portland Cement mortar 
and blended cement mortar.is approximately the same. 

Within the scope of this investigation Portland Cement 
mortar is not superior in strength to blended cement mortar. 

When the amount of blending material used does not 
exceed 30 per cent, blended cement mortar develops greater 
strength than does Portland Cement mortar. 































MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


51 


(C) Neat Cement In Compression 

The results obtained are unsatisfactory, owing to lack 
of uniformity. 

When the amount of blending material used does not 
exceed 30 per cent, the relative strength of the blended ce¬ 
ments compares favorably with that of commercial Port¬ 
land Cement. 

(D) Cement Mortar In Compression. 

Within the scope of these tests Portland Cement mor¬ 
tar develops greater strength than does blended cement 
mortar. 

The strength of mortar varies inversely with the amount 
of blending material used. 

When the amount of blending material does not ex¬ 
ceed about 30 per cent such blended cement mortar may 
be expected to pass satisfactorily the proposed specifica¬ 
tions of the American Society for Testing Materials. 

Note:—It seems unusual that the results obtained from 
testing cement mortars in tension are so contradictory to 
those obtained from testing similar cement mortars in com¬ 
pression; the former favoring the blended cements, while 
the latter show the Portland Cement to be superior in 
strength. 

(E) Normal Consistency. 

Within the scope of this investgation, Portland Ce¬ 
ments differ in normal consistency within narrow Imits. 

The normal consistency of blended cements varies in¬ 
versely with the amount of the blending material used. 

(F) Time of Setting. 

Within the scope of this investigation, Portland Ce¬ 
ments differ in time of setting within wide limits. 

Blended cements, having more than 20 per cent of 
blending material, seem to develop initial and final setting 
more slowly than do the Portland Cements of which they 
are composed. 

Blended cements, having not to exceed 40 per cent of 
blending material, satisfy the requirements of the present 
standard specifications for the time of setting of Portland 
Cements. 

(G) Constancy of Volume. 

Blended cements ,having not to exceed 40 per cent of 
blending material, satisfactorily meet the present standard 
specifications for Portland Cements for soundness. 


52 


MISSOURI SCHOOL" OF MINES 


(H) Fineness and Sieve Analysis. 

Of the blended cements, those containing 30 per cent 
of sand most nearly approximate the Portland Cements in 
fineness and gradation of size of particles. 

CONCLUSIONS 

Portland Cements, of a fineness sufficient to pass a No. 
200 sieve, may be blended as much as 40 per cent, by weight, 
with quartz sand, the latter of a fineness sufficient to pass 
a No. 65 sieve but not fine enough to permit more than 
20 per cent to pass a No. 200 sieve, and the resulting blend¬ 
ed cement will satisfactorily pass the requirements of the 
present standard specifications for Portland Cement of the 
American Society for Testing Materials, 

Quartz sand is a satisfactory substitute for the inert 
clinker particles in Portland Cement in maintaining the 
present physical characteristics of the latter, when used in 
amounts not to exceed 30 per cent, by weight. 

Note: It is obviously impracticable to manufacture 

blended cements commercially in the manner followed in this 
investigation. It was thought to be feasible, however, to ac¬ 
complish this end by incorporating the sand in the cement 
just prior to final grinding. Such procedure, it was thought, 
would have several advantages over the methods used here. 
It was thought that the reduction of the cement clinker in 
fineness much in excess of that attained at present would 
result and also that a more thorough mixing of the sand 
and cement would be accomplished than by any other 
method. With a view of ascertaining to what extent these 
assumptions are correct and also to what extent the blend¬ 
ing of Portland Cement with quartz sand may be carried, 
the tests outlined under Series II were made. These tests 
are described in subsequent pages of this report. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


53 


S VRIES II 

DESCRIPTION 

This series comprises two Divisions, called for conven¬ 
ience A and B. Each of these Divisions was made by mix¬ 
ing some of the banding sand before described with the ce¬ 
ment as taken from the storage bins, making no attempt to 
remove the larger particles from the cement first, and grind¬ 
ing the mixture in a tube mill until a predetermined propor¬ 
tion of the mixture would pass through a No. 200 sieve. In 
Division A this proportion was 95%, while in Division B it 
was 85%. In all other respects these two Divisions are alike, 
and the subscripts, as in Series I, indicate the percentage of 
sand in the blended cement. Atlas Portland Cement was 
the only cement used in this Series. Each of the resulting 
blended cements were intended to have the same percent¬ 
age of fineness. This result was attained only to a limited 
extent, as it was difficult to determine the time required for 
grinding. However, the variation in fineness is so slight as 
not to influence the results appreciably. (See Table XX.) 

PURPOSE 

The purpose in view in making up this Series was to 
determine whether further grinding would increase the 
quantity of active material in the cement by enough to com¬ 
pensate for the decrease in strength caused by adding sand 
to the cement, and if so to what extent sand could be added 
in this way without too far decreasing the resulting strength. 
The two Divisions,A and B, were made in order that a com¬ 
parison might be made between cements having the same 
composition, and differing only in the amount of grinding 
to which they had been subjected. 

PROCEDURE 

The cement was used as taken from the storage bins, 
merely being sifted through a No. 20 sieve to remove the 
large "lumps. To it was added the desired quantity of the 
banding sand. The mixture was then placed in the tube mill 
and ground until, by trial, the desired percentage would 
pass the No. 200 sieve. 

The tests made on each of the cements in this Series 
were the same as those outlined under Seris I. The results 
follow. 


54 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


RESULTS OF TESTS 

Note. It is interesting to observe that in both Divis¬ 
ions every cement listed passed satisfactorily the “pat” or 
soundness test, showing that a very small percentage of ac¬ 
tive particles will serve to hold the inert particles together, 
though not necessarily giving strength to the aggregate. 
This would seem to sound a warning against the not infre¬ 
quent practice of accepting a cement on the soundness test 
alone, and to indicate the necessity for some tests of strength 
in connection with the soundness test. 

(A) Neat Cement In Tension. 

On Curve Sheet No. 22 are plotted the results obtained 
by testing the neat cement specimens of Division A. (See 
Table E, Appendix A.) It will be noted that only the first 
two cements, A 0 and A 25 , meet the requirements of the 
standard specifications of the American Society for Test¬ 
ing Materials (1916), which are 175, 500 and 600 pounds at 
24 hours, one week and four weeks respectively, though the 
A 50 cement falls but little short of the requirements. Each 
of these two cements attains its maximum strength within 12 
weeks, cement A attaining the greatest strength, as would 
be expected. 

The A 75 , A 87 ± r 2 , and A 93 3 / 4 cements, while far below the 
requirements of the standard specifications, show a good in¬ 
crease in strength with age, and their strengths as compar¬ 
ed to the A cement are not reduced in the same proportion 
as their cement content. 

I he A 96 7 / 8 cement shows practically no strength at any 
age, showing that there is a limit beyond which the decrease 
in strength is greater than the decrease in cement content. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


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56 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OK MINUS 


Curve Sheet No. 23 shows the results for the tension 
tests on neat cement specimens in Division B. (See Table 
E, Appendix A.) The discussion of curve sheet No. 22 will 
apply with ecjual force to this sheet. 

By a comparison of curve sheets 22 and 23 it is seen 
that the B cements run in general higher in strength than 



the corresponding A cements, although the A cements were 
more finely ground. It will also be noted, from an examina¬ 
tion of Table E, Appendix A, that cement A 75 # , which was 
a special batch from which only the neat tension specimens 
were made, runs stronger than A 75 but weaker than B 75 . 



































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


(B) Time of Grinding. 

Curve Sheet No. 24, showing the relation between time 
of grinding and per cent of sand, is introduced here, and it 
is interesting to note that cement B 75 , with a greater strength 
than either A 75 or A 75 # , lies between them in time of grind¬ 



ing, while the B curve lies everywhere below the A curve. 
No explanation is attempted at this time of these facts, ow¬ 
ing to the meagerness of the data at hand, but it is hoped 
that more experiments will throw more light on this phase 
of the subject. 























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































58 MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 

r 

It will be noticed by reference'to curve sheet No. 24 that 
the time of grinding does not increase proportionately to 
the per cent of sand after the 25 per cent point is passed, 
showing that the presence of the sand facilitates the fine 
grinding of the cement clinker. 

The tabulated values from which curve sheet No. 24 was 
plotted will be found in Table XX, page 73. 

(C) Cement Mortar In Tension. 

On curve sheet No. 25 are plotted the results of ten¬ 
sion tests of 1:3 mortar specimens in Division A. (See Table 
F, Appendix A.) As with the neat cements, only the first 
two cements, A and A 25 , satisfy the requirements of the 
standard specifications of the American Society for Test¬ 
ing Materials, which are, for 1917, 200 and 300 pounds at 
the ages of 1 week and 4 weeks respectively, but cement 
A 50 falls only a little below these requirements. 

Cements A 75 and A 87 x / 2 , while far below the required 
strengths, show a good increase in strength with age, and 
their strengths are not reduced, as compared to cement A, 
in proportion to the reduction in their cement content. 

Cements A 93 3 / 4 and A 96 7 / 8 show no strength at any 
age, indicating a lower limit for the blending process than 
obtains for the neat cements, as would naturally be expect¬ 
ed. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


59 



































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































60 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


Curve Sheet No. 26 shows the results of tension tests 
on mortar specimens of Division B. (See Table F, Appen¬ 
dix A.) 

As in Division A, the first two cements, B and B 25 , 
meet the requirements of the standard specifications, but 
in this Division cement B 50 falls considerably below the re¬ 
quirements. 



A comparison of curve sheets 25 and 26 shows that the 
cements of Division B are weaker than the corresponding' ce¬ 
ments of Division A. This is what would naturally be ex¬ 
pected, but is just the reverse of the relationship noted in 
tin m at tension tests, and will be left unexplained for the 
present. 











































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


61 


(D) Neat Cement In Compression. 

Curve Sheet number 27 shows the results obtained by 
testing -neat cement specimens of Division A in compres¬ 
sion. (See Table G, Appendix A.) There is much the same 
irregularity to be observed in this series as in Series I, as 



for example the drop in the A 0 line from 24 to 52 weeks, 
its extremely high value at 104 weeks, the unusually high 
value of A 25 at 24 weeks, and the large drop of the A 50 line 
from 52 to 104 weeks. 

As noted under Series T, this test is not a standard test, 
and hence no direct criterion exists by which to judge re- 














































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































62 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


suits, but if we use 5000 pounds per square inch, (the usual 
limit of safety for large buildings), as a standard, it is seen 
that A 0 and A 25 satisfy it, and that A 50 almost satisfies it at 
4 weeks and entirely so at 24 and 52 weeks. 

A 75 and A 871 / 2 furnish, in their 52-week tests, two of 
the unaccountable sudden drops experienced in the compres¬ 
sion tests, 

A -92 3 / 4 shows a good increase in strength with age, and 
all of the cements down to and including this cement show 
a decrease in strength as compared to A 0 which is less than 
the decrease in cement content. 

A. Q6 / 8 has practically no strength at any age, as in the 
tension tests. 

Curve Sheet number 28 shows the results of the neat 
compression tests uCDivision B. (See Table G, Appendix 
A.) The discussion of curve sheet 27 will apply to this sheet 
also. Notice the drops on the B 25 and B 50 lines. 

A comparison of curve sheets 27 and 28 shows much 
less difference between the corresponding cements of the 
two divisions than was observed under the tension tests, 
but the superiority seems to rest with the A division if either 
way, which agrees with the results observed under the mor¬ 
tar tension tests. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


63 











































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































61 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


(E) Cement Mortar In Compression. 

Curve Sheet number 29 shows the results obtained by 
testing in compression specimens of 1:3 mortar made with 
the cements of Division A. (See Table H, Appendix A.) 

This table shows the most uniform set of results ob¬ 
tained in any of the series of compression tests in the entire 
investigation, yet even here the strength falls off after at¬ 
taining its maximum at 24 weeks. 

None of the cements satisfy the requirements proposed 
by the American Society of Testing Materials, namely, 1200 
and 2000 pounds per square inch at 1 and 4 weeks respec¬ 
tively, but the first three cements, A 0 , A 25 , and A 50 ,all satisfy 
the latter figure at 24 weeks. A 75 and A 87 7 / 2 do not satisfy 
the requirements, but show a good increase in strength with 
age, and a decrease in strength as compared to A 0 which is 
less than the decrease in cement content. A 93 3 / 4 and A 96 7 / 8 
show practically no strength at any age, which agrees with 
the mortar tension tests. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


65 













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































66 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


Curve Sheet 30, which shows the results of the mortar 
compression tests for Division B, exhibits more of the strik¬ 
ing irregularities of the compresson tests, particularly the 
very high value of B 87 J 2 for 52 weeks, and the high values 
for B 96 7 / 8 . 

Here again none of the cements meet the proposed re¬ 
quirements of the American Society of Testing Matrials at 
4 weeks, but the first two, B 0 and B 25 , meet them at 24 
weeks. None of the other cements meet the requirements, 
but all show good increase in strength with age>, and a re¬ 
duction of strength compared to B 0 less than the reduction 
in cement content. 

A comparison of curve sheets 29 and 30 shows the A ce¬ 
ments to be superior down to and including A 75 , but in the 
weaker cements the B division leads. As heretofore stated, 
no attempt will be made in this report to explain this, but 
it is hoped that further experimentation may serve to throw 
some light on the matter. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


67 




















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































(8 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


(F) Normal Consistency. 

Curve Sheet number 31 shows the amount of water re¬ 
quired to bring each cement to normal consistency. (See 
Table XIX) It would naturally be expected that the ce¬ 
ments in Division A would require more water than those 
in Division B, due to the finer grinding, and the curves show 
this to be a fact in every case. 

The general trend of the A curve is slightly upward, 
(disregarding the extremely high value for A 75 for which no 
cause can be assigned), 'which shows that the grinding was 
so thorough as to actually increase the amount of water 
needed for hydration of the cements containing the higher 
percentages of sand, while the B curves is practically hori¬ 
zontal, showing that in this division the grinding was just 
about sufficient to maintain the amount of water practically 
a constant. 

The percentage of water required for the mortar speci¬ 
mens was in each case taken from the standard conversion 
tables of the specifications of the United States Govern¬ 
ment for Portland Cement Mortar, and therefore the char¬ 
acteristics above noted apply to mortar as well as to cement 
paste. 


TABLE XIX 
Series II 

TIME OF SET AND NORMAL CONSISTANCY. 



Time of Set 

Normal Consistency 

B 

Initial 

y Vicat 

Final 

Neat paste 

Per Cent 

1:3 Sand 

Mortar 

Per Cent 

Hours 

Minutes 

Hours 

Minutes 

Ao 

1 

44 

4 

37 

22 5 

10.25 

A-05 

1 

20 

3 

05 

23.0 

10.3 

A-50 

1 

55 

4 

15 

23.5 

10.4 

A- 75 


27 

1 


31.0 

10.7 

A-87 1/2 

7 


16 

30 

25.0 

10.7 

A-03 3/4 

0 (* > 


1 17 + 


24.0 

10.5 

-^-”95 7/8 

♦ 

72 


164 


24.0 

10.5 

A- 7i ,-* Special 


10 

1 

30 

23.0 


B- r , 

2 

33 

4 

16 

21.5 

10.1 

£>“25 

1 

5 2 

3 

14 

21.5 

10.1 

£>~co 

9 

41 

3 

5 0 

21.0 

10.0 

tt-75 


38 

6 

30 

22.0 

10.2 

”87 1/2 

T> / 

2 

11 

7 

13 

21.5 

10.1 

13 ”03 3/4 

0 


11 

15 

21.5 

10.1 

13 "90 7/8 

7 

51 

26 

50 

21.0 

10.0 































/ 

l 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


69 































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































70 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


(G) Time of Setting. 

The time required to produce initial and final setting of 
each of the cements was determined with the Vic at appara¬ 
tus, and is shown on curve sheets 32 and 33, and tabulated 
in Table XIX. 



There is a slight decrease in time of set for the 25 per 
cent sand cements, increasing again until the 50 per cent 
sand cement requires about the same time as the cement it¬ 
self, then a decrease for all but one of the 75 per cent sam¬ 
ples, with a sharp increase for higher percentages. 


































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


71 































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































72 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


(H) Constancy of Volume. 

The usual tests, normal and accelerated, for the deter¬ 
minations of soundness were made. The standard methods 
suggested by the American Society of Civil Engineers were 
followed in these tests. The specimens were observed for 
periods of one year and in every instance the standard 
specifications were fulfilled. Each of the specimens remain¬ 
ed true and sound throughout this entire period. 

TABLE XX 

Series II 

COMPOSITION TABLE. 


Cement 

Serial No. 

Wt. of Batch 
Ground 
in pounds 

In¬ 
crease 
in wt. 
in lbs. 

Final 

Percentage 


Sieve Analysis 
Percent Retained 
on Sieves 

Time of 
grinding in 
tube mill 

Cement 

Sand 

See 

Note* 

Cement 

Sand 

No. 100 

No. 150 

No. 200 

Hours 

Minutes | 

Ao 

24 

0 


100 

0 

0 


1.2 

6.7 

20 


A05 

18 

6 


75 

25 

0 


Trace 

4.7 

105 + 

20 

A 50 

12 

12 


50 

50 

0 


Trace 

5.0 

114 

20 

A75 

6 

18 


25 

75 

0 


1.2 

7.2 

120 


Ag7 1/2 

3 

21 


12.5 

87.5 

0 


Trace 

5.0 

122 


A03 3/4 

1.5 

22.5 

0.61 

6.1 

93.9 

0 


t 

1.6 

131 

30 

A90 7/8 

0.75 

23.25 

1.11 

3.0 

97.0 

0 


t 

1.6 



A75* Special 

1.75 

5.25 


25 

75 

0 


Trace 

1.7 

25 

40 

B 0 

24 

0 


100 

0 

t 


4.2 

11.6 

13 

45 

Bo 5 

18 

6 

0.11 

74.6 

25.4 

0 


1.0 

7.6 

55 

15 

B50 

12 

12 

0.22 

49.5 

50.5 

t 


4.0 

15.0 

51 


B75 

6 

18 

0.33 

24.7 

75.3 

t 


5.0 

16.6 

84 

40 

Bg7 1/2 

3 

21 

0.61 

12.2 

87.8 

t 


4.0 

16.2 

81 


B93 3/4 

1.5 

22.5 

0.61 

6.1 

93.9 

t 


2.2 

12.2 

86 

4 0 § 

B90 7/8 

0.75 

23.25 

0.86 

3.1 

96.9 

0 


3.6 

15.6 

66 

55 


*Note:—Increase in weight in pounds due to wearing of pebbles in 
tube mill during grinding. 

t Barely a trace. tA few sand grains. §A small amount leaked out 
of jar. 


(I) Fineness and Sieve Analysis. 

The sieve analysis of the different cements are shown 
in Table XX. It will be noticed that the percentage retain¬ 
ed on the No. 150 and No. 200 sieves are practically uniform 
for each division. As before stated, it was intended that in 
Division A 95% should pass through the No. 200 sieve, and 
for Division B 85% should do so. Practical difficulties pre¬ 
vented the absolute attainment of this end, but the results 
are so closely in agreement that for all practical purposes 
they may be said to have been accomplished. 





































MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES . 


73 


(J) Chemical Analysis and Specific Gravity. 

The chemical analyses recorded in Table XXI are part¬ 
ly laboratory determinations and partly determinations ar¬ 
rived at by computation. The Portland Cement and the 
Banding Sand were analyzed by Mr. R. P.Rinker, Chemist 
for the Missouri Bureau of Geology and Mines, through the 
courtesy of Mr. H. A. Buehler, Director. An analysis of the 
cement was also furnished by the cement company. The 
results obtained by Mr. Rinker and those furnished by the 
cement company are so nearly identical that only those of 
the former are shown. The analyses of the various blended 
cements are the results of combining the analysis of the 
banding sand with that of the Portland Cement in the ratio 
of the combination of sand to cement. 

TABLE XXI 
Series II 

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY. 

Analysis of Cement 


5 73 -2 
E*C | 

<u 

Uc/^ 



Percentage of: 

c 








o 








.tS C/3 
£ ^ 

Cl 

O 

O 

Cl 

<L> 

o 

Cl 

o 

o 

bo 

CO 

O 

13 

o 

“j 

CO 


< 

u 


CO 

H 


Sp. Gr. 



-a 

“d 

V 

3 

<v 

C 

£ 

a 

u 

£ 

<v 

■4-J 

o 

<u 

U 

Q 


Ao 

1.80 

21.98 

2.57 

5.89 

63.32 

3.00 

1.50 

100.06 

3.184 

3.095$ 

A 05 

1.43 

41.10 

2.04 

4.59 

47.51 

2.25 

1.15 

100.07 

3.058 

2.981* 

Ago 

1.06 

60.32 

1.44 

3.33 

31.68 

1.50 

0.75 

100.08 

2.933 

2.850* 

A_57 

0.69 

79.49 

0.87 

1.99 

15.86 

0.75 

0.38 

100.03 

2.806 

2.740* 

Ag7 7/2 

0.50 

89.04 

0.59 

1.34 

7.94 

0.38 

0.19 

99.98 

2.743 

2.712* 

A 93 3/4 

0.41 

93.94 

0.45 

1.01 

3.90 

0.19 

0.09 

99.98 

2.712 

2.660* 

A 90 7/8 

0.36 

96.34 

0.38 

0.84 

1.94 

0.09 

0.04 

99.99 

2.696 

2.654* 

A 75 * Special 

0.69 

79.49 

0.87 

1.99 

15.86 

0.75 

0.38 

100.03 


« 

B 0 

1.80 

21.98 

2.57 

5.89 

63.32 

3.00 

1.50 

100.06 

3.184 

3.095t 

Bos 

1.42 

41.49 

2.00 

4.57 

47.21 

2.21 

1.13 

100.03 

3.058 

2.959* 

Beo 

1.06 

60.59 

1.44 

3.28 

31.35 

1.49 

0.75 

99.96 

2.933 

2.863* 

B 75 

0.68 

79.79 

0.87 

1.97 

15.65 

0.74 

0.37 

100.07 

2.806 

2.738* 

B 87 1/2 

0.50 

89.28 

0.58 

1.32 

7.77 

0.37 

0.18 

100.00 

2.743 

2.696* 

B 93 3/4 

0.41 

93.94 

0.45 

1.01 

3.90 

0.19 

0.09 

99.98 

2.712 

2.690* 

Bee 7/8 

0.37 

96.28 

0.38 

0.85 

2.04 

0.09 

0.05 

100.06 

2.696 

2.658* 

Banding Sand 

t 0.32 

98.66 

0.31 

| 0.69 

0.04 



100.02 

2.681 

2.681$ 


JLaboratory Analysis. *Computed Analysis. 




























74 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


SUMMARY 

The foregoing observations may be briefly summariz¬ 
ed as follows:— 

(A) Neat Cement In Tension. 

The blended cements, up to 75 per cent sand, show 
about the same rate of increase in strength as the cement 
itself. 

The 25 per cent blended cement meets the standard 
specifications satisfactorily, and the 50 per cent blended 
cement nearly meets them; the other blended cements fall 
far short Of meeting them. It seems likely that a blended 
cement containing about 40 per cent of sand would meet 
the requirements satisfactorily. 

(B) Time of Grinding. 

The relationship between time of grinding and result¬ 
ing strength, if any exists, is not demonstrated by these 
experiments. 

Apparently the presence of sand with the cement in the 
tube mill facilitates the fine grinding of the mixture of sand 
and cement. 

(C) Cement Mortar In Tension. 

The discussion of neat cement in tension will apply here, 
with the exception that the 50 per cent blended cement of 
the B Division falls considerably short of the standard 
specifications. 

(D) Neat Cement In Compression. 

The results obtained are not entirely satisfactory, ow¬ 
ing to lack of uniformity. 

The 25 per cent blended cements meet the proposed re¬ 
quirements for strength,* and the 50 per cent blended ce¬ 
ments nearly meet them, indicating, as in the tension 'tests, 
that a 40 per cent blended cement would probably meet the 
requirements. 

(E) Cement Mortar In Compression. 

Portland cement is only slightly stronger than the 25 
per cent blended cements. 

None of the cements meet the requirements of the 
standard specifications, though up to the 50 per cent blend¬ 
ed cements they all very nearly meet them. 

Note: Throughout the investigation, great irregular¬ 
ity exists in the relationship of the two divisions, some tests 
favoring the more finely ground cements and others the re¬ 
verse. This seems to present a good field for further ex¬ 
perimentation, and no attempt is made at the present time 
to explain it. 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES 


75 


(F) Normal Consistency. 

With one exception, the normal consistency of the ce¬ 
ments tested varies within very narrow limits, and apparent¬ 
ly no direct law of variation can be stated. 

(G) Time of Setting. 

Within the scope of this investigation, Portland Cements 
differ widely in the time of setting. 

Blended cements, having not more than 75 per cent of 
blending material, develop initial and final set more rapid¬ 
ly than do the Portland cements of which they are composed. 

Blended cements, having more than 50 per cent of 
blending material, satisfy the requirements of the present 
standard specifications for the time of setting of Portland 
Cements. 

(H) Constancy of Volume. 

All of the cements tested in this series satisfactorily meet 
the present standard specifications for soundness. (See 
page 55). 

(I) Fineness and Sieve Analysis. 

The cements of each Division were sufficiently uniform 
in fineness to prevent the variations from affecting the re¬ 
sults appreciably. 


CONCLUSIONS 

S Quartz sand may be added to Portland Cement before 
final grinding te-the extent of about 40 per cent by weight, 
and the resulting blended cement will, after sufficient grind¬ 
ing, satisfactorily pass the requirements of the present 
standard specifications for Portland Cement of the Ameri¬ 
can Society for Testing Materials. 

The presence of quartz sand with the cement clinker in 
a tube mill facilitates fine grinding of the latter. 

The satisfaction of the present standard test for sound¬ 
ness of cement should not be depended on alone to qualify 
a cement for acceptance, but some tests for strength should 
also be made. 

Note: It is felt that this series of tests does not com¬ 
pletely determine the limit to which sand may be added to 
the cement clinker, nor the theoretical limit of grinding 
for the blended cements. A series of tests of cements blend¬ 
ed as in Series II, but using the same percentages of blend¬ 
ing material that were used in Series I would, it is felt, £ 
of considerable interest; also a series of tests using s£ e _ 
fixed percentage of blending material and varying tb 



76 


MISSOURI SCHOOL OF 'MINFS 


ness of grinding would be exceedingly interesting, and 
would probably serve to clear up some of the uncertainties 
exhibited in this report as to the theoretical limit of grind¬ 
ing. The economic limit would of course depend not only 
on the strength of the resulting blended cement, but also on 
the cost of the cement and sand and of the labor involved 
in grinding. 

It is hoped that further investigation may be conduct¬ 
ed along these lines. 


APPENDIX A 


The tables in this appendix are condensations of the 
complete detailed tables of Appendix B, giving only the 
average values for each test. They were prepared with 
the idea of showing final results at a glance, and from them 
the curves embodied in the report were plotted. 

Where a blank space occurs in a table, it signifies that 
no test was made, usually because the specimens were miss¬ 
ing. 

Where the word “No” occurs, it signifies that the speci¬ 
mens were tested and found to have no strength. 




TABLE A. 


Series I 

AVERAGE RESULTS OF TENSION TESTS, 

(Neat Specimens) 

Pounds per Square Inch. 





Age 

When 

Tested 












GO 


m 




c n 

Vl 





m 


X 


X 

CD 

0) 


x 

X 


0) 

a) 

a> 

<D 

Serial 

Numto 


<V 

<D 

<D 

Q> 

4i 

0) 

£ 

& 

<v 

£ 

<v 

a; 

£ 

CM 

£ 

Tf 

£ 

(M 

O 

<M 

tH 


GO 

tH 

<M 

LO 

rH 


A 0 

317 

779 

855 

758 

789 

744 

728 

750 

Aio 

322 

537 

682 

666 

711 

5S9 

589 

690 

Ago 

243 

752 

715 

738 

773 

742 

679 

693 

A. -jo 

278 

657 

771 

849 

732 

758 

738 

678 

A 40 

310 

662 

754 

748 

771 

761 

722 

720 

Bo 

306 

815 

821 

801 

883 

722 

681 


Bio 

366 

666 

699 

792 

708 

678 

616 

679 

Bo 0 

332 

733 

859 

735 

792 

743 

565 

672 

B 30 

259 

651 

763 

774 

702 

741 

730 

707 

B 40 

265 

547 

655 

777 

711 

693 

681 

689 

Co 

393 

686 

779 

75 8 

745 

636 

572 

585 

C w 

301 

630 

758 

700 

681 

608 

434 

472 

Coo 

306 

610 

622 

614 

703 

630 

512 

540 

C 30 

178 

591 

607 

711 

607 

660 

588 

572 

C40 

200 

511 

637 

706 

644 

648 

618 

566 



Average of 

Averages 




Ao - B 0 - Co 

335 

760 

818 

772 

806 

701 

660 

668 * 

Aio - B 10 - C 10 

330 

611 

713 

719 

700 

625 

546 

614 

Ago " Boq “ C 20 

294 

692 

732 

702 

756 

705 

585 

628 

A 30 - B 30 - C 30 

238 

633 

714 

778 

780 

720 

685 

652 

A 40 - B 40 - C 40 

258 

573 

682 

758 

709 

701 

673 

658 


*B Specimens Missing. 

For detailed results see Table 1, Appendix B. 










































TABLE B 
Serieis I 

AVERAGE ^« IILXS 0F TENSION TESTS. 

(Mottar - .. Hm< , ns , 

Pounds per Squaiv T ^ 


Age When Tested 


Number 

Serial 

1 week 

4 weeks 

8 weeks 

12 weeks 

24 weeks 

52 weeks 

— 

104 we^ s 

Aq 

186 

289 

325 

346 

310 

247 

261 

Aio 

338 

427 

461 

508 

486 

396 

367 

A^o 

272 

405 

459 

417 

452 

402 

325 

A30 

225 

358 

393 

440 

433 

377 

348 

A 40 

201 

341 

360 

349 

351 

331 

287 

Bo 

197 

339 

369 

384 

369 

355 


Bio 

297 

425 

453 

461 

432 

479 

396 

Boo 

277 

418 

423 

448 

434 

391 

347 

B30 

248 

334 

396 

413 

403 

366 

327 

B40 

194 

324 

343 

362 

363 

330 

277 

C 0 

232 

374 

382 

471 

440 

381 

348 

Ojo 

274 

322 

383 

461 

457 

403 

378 

Coo 

266 

419 

418 

462 

386 

389 

335 

C30 

258 

362 

408 

414 

425 

377 

335 

C40 

- 194 

365 

359 

407 

373 

323 

308 


Average of Averages. 


Ao - Bo - Co 

205 

334 

359 

400 

373 

331 

305* 

Aio - B 10 - C 10 

303 

391 

432 

477 

458 

426 

380 

A 20 - Boo - C 20 

272 

413 

433 

442 

424 

394 

336 

A 30 - B 30 - C 30 

244 

351 

399 

422 

420 

373 

337 

A .jo - B 40 - C 40 

196 

342 

354 

375 

362 

328 

291 


*B Specimens Missing. 

For detailed results see Table 2, Appendix B. 
































TABLE C 
Series I 

AVERAGE RESULTS OF C(I'"-^' SSIV>: TESTS. 

(Neat ‘v*cim*ns) 

Fnii . xS per Square Inch. 


Age Wnen Tested 


<D 

ci r; 

*-< 3 

UlAi. 


m 

X 

O' 

<v 

* 


m 

m 

l/l 


x 

X 

X 


0 > 

01 

o 


o 

01 

0 » 


* 

ts 

£ 


<M 


<M 


rH 


IG> 



HI 

X 

a> 

0> 

Ttt 


Ao 

6170 

7470 

8030 

9066 


A io 

5810 

7543 

8160 

4900 

3474 

A 20 

7150 

7410 

6920 

8096 

7313 

A 30 

6320 

6680 

7830 

7057 

7342 

A 40 

5670 

5600 

6560 

5232 

6179 

Bo 

6370 

8487 

5930 

8347 


Bio 

6320 

10613 

6970 

8090 

8129 

Boo 

6640 

7026 

7993 

5259 

8115 

B30 

6360 

6160 

8690 

6497 

7523 

B 40 

6280 

6520 

7030 

5906 

5800 

Co 

5560 

7603 

7930 

7513 

9245 

C10 

5610 

7373 

7950 

5766 

8941 

C20 

8150 

5966 

8190 

7306 

7812 

C30 

5640 

7050 

8920 

8083 

7388 

C40 

5450 

6850 

7620 

5816 

6913 

Average of Averages. 

Ao - Bo - Co 

6033 

7853 

7300 

8300 


A10 - B 10 - C10 

5913 

8509 

7690 

6252 

6848 

A20 - Boo - Coo 

7310 

6800 

7700 

6887 

7747 

A30 - B30 - C30 

6100 

6630 

8480 

7212 

7418 

A40 - B jo - C 40 

5793 

6320 

7070 

5651 

6297 


For detailed results see Tables 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, Appendix B. 




























TABLE D 
Series I 

AVERAGE RESULTS OF COMPRESSIVE TESTS 

(Mortar Specimens) 

Pounds per Square Inch. 


Serial 

Number 

Age When Tested 

4 weeks 

l . 

12 weeks 

24 weeks 

52 weeks 

104 weeks 

Ao 

3633 

4980 

4140 

4456 

3830 

Aio 

3330 

3640 

4350 

3760 

3166 

A20 

3210 

4110 

3600 

4067 

3139 

A30 

2033 

3140 

3060 

2626 

2489 

A40 

1840 

2790 

2520 

2562 

2168 

Bo 

3430 

3730 

4840 

3750 


Bio 

2823 

4120 

3850 

4202 

3312 

Boo 

2803 

3330 

2830 

3529 

3349 

E >30 

2230 

3160 

3250 

2591 

2564 

B40 

1900 

2080 

2410 

2011 

2777 

Co 

3840 

4830 

3990 

4345 

5474 

C10 

2827 

3310 

3850 

3667 

3061 

C20 

2590 

3190 

2470 

2607 

2413 

C30 

1580 

3120 

3240 

2347 

1819 

C40 

1470 

2433 

2040 

1919 

2264 


Average of Averages. 


An ~ 

Bo- 

Co 

Aio - B x o 

■ C10 

A 20 ■ 

- B20 

- C20 

A30 ■ 

■ B30 

■ C30 

A40 - B40 

■ C 4 o 


3634 

4510 

4320 

4050 

4652* 

2993 

3690 

4020 

3876 

3180 

2868 

3540 

2970 

3401 

2967 

1944 

3140 

3180 

2521 

2291 

1737 

2101 

2320 

2164 

2403 


*B Specimens Missing. 

For detailed results see Tables 3, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, Appendix B. 


I 
































TABLE E 
Series II 

AVERAGE RESULTS OF TENSION TESTS. 

(Neat Specimens) 

Pounds per Square Inch. 


Age When Tested 









VI 





vi 

VI 

VI 

X 



m 

m 

X 

ys 

X 

CD 


x 

x 

X 

4) 

CD 

CD 

CD 

o 

CD 

<v 

<u 

CD 

CD 

0> 

k 

r* 


CD 

0) 

£ 

£ 

£ 

'"f 



K 


CM 


CM 

o 

CM 

rH 


CO 

tH 

CM 

UO 

rH 


Ao 

398 

685 

776 

745 

730 

765 

607 

707 

A25 

321 

599 

627 

615 

644 

629 

630 

649 

Abo 

246 

431 

582 

567 

558 

543 

568 

605 

A75 

60 

153 

232 

242 

283 

263 



Ag 7 J 4 


116 

252 


249 

281 

243 

342 

A933/4 


74 

160 

178 


227 

220 

95 

Aqo^ 


No 



No 

■ 28 


30 

a 75 * 

63 

250 

391 

441 

385 

313 

465 


Bo 

424 

690 

664 

785 

724 

681 

696 

775 

B05 

396 

601 

705 

668 

699 

701 

707 

697 

B50 

202 

459 

575 

591 

558 

572 

616 

635 

B75 

51 

251 

395 

476 

456 

456 

471 

494 

Bs 7 ^ 

No 

98 

217 

246 

251 

278 

291 

318 

Bo 3 3 A 

No 

71 

144 

193 | 

206 

224 

264 

180 

Bqo Vi 

No 

No 

29 

No 

No 

42 

69 

57 . 


For detailed results see Table 14, Appendix B. 


TABLE F 
Series II 

AVERAGE RESULTS OF TENSION TESTS 

(Mortar Specimens) 

Pounds per Square Inch. 


Age When Tested 


Serial 

Number 

1 week 

Ao 

297 

A 05 

273 

A® 

209 

A 75 

99 

Ag7^2 

31 

Ag 3 54 

No 

Age 

No 

Bo 

253 

B 2 S 

271 

B 50 

132 

B 75 

64 

^ 87/4 

No 

B 9324 

No 

Bgg^ 

No 


4 weeks 

8 weeks 

12 weeks 

409 

484 

474 

383 

433 

412 

291 

364 

380 

188 

235 

278 

56 


80 

No 

No 

No 

No 

374 

432 

425 

328 

352 

360 

207 

272 

275 

145 

169 

189 

62 

84 

100 

No 

No 

No 

52 




V ) 

co 

VI 




(D 

<n 

0> 

<D 

0) 

£ 

CD 

£ 

£ 


CM 

O 

CM 

LO 

rH 


459 

400 

418 

401 

405 

407 

407 

344 

383 

271 

282 

280 

93 

87 

70 

No 



441 

330 

402 

390 

356 

335 

307 

307 

268 

197 

218 

225 

125 

145 

102 

71 

82 

90 


For detailed results see Table 15, Appendix B. 


















































TABLE G 
Series II 

AVERAGE RESULTS OF COMPRESSIVE TESTS 

(Neat Specimens) 

Pounds per Square Inch. 


Age When Tested 




CO 

X 

<D 

0) 

£ 


co 

►> 


CD 

CD 

£ 




W 

% 

0) 

£ 

<M 

LO 


m 

TD 

<D 

o 


Ao 

7013 

7987 

6368 

14468 

A 2 5 

6477 

9007 

6200 

8053 

A 50 

4317 

5240 

6590 

3614 

A 75 

1280 

2214 

1467 

1389 

Ag 7 ^2 

1133 

1992 

798 


AeaH 

552 

815 

1075 

765 

A 90 ^ 

No 

33 

22 

No 

B 0 

6870 

8010 

8077 

8547 

b 25 

6430 

7295 

7300 

5470 

B 50 

4217 

5586 

6007 

4660 

B 75 

1920 

2386 

2195 

2408 

Bs7 Vi 

821 

1036 

1170 

1223 

B 9354 

517 

901 

857 

1137 

Bye 76 

29 

71 

57 

No 


For detailed results see Tables 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20, Appendix B. 


TABLE H 
Series II 

AYERAGE RESULTS OF COMPRESSIVE TESTS. 

(Mortar Specimens) 

Pounds per Square Inch. 


Age When Tested 



Ao 

A 2 5 

Aso 

A 75 

As7 V 2 
A 9354 
Aoc^4 

Bo 

B 25 

B 50 

B 76 

Bg 7 ^/z 

Ba3^4 

B 9 6?4 


4 weeks 

24 weeks 

1916 

2615 

1988 

2661 

1477 

2190 

789 

1187 

340 

514 

No 

70 

No 


1722 

2160 

1980 

2115 

938 

1195 

431 

431 

308 

353 

76 

202 

252 




w 

m 


X 

ID 

CD 

ID 

<D 

* 


<M 

O 

LO 

t—4 


2334 

2148 

2377 

2293 

2137 

1355 

937 

905 

521 

No 

No 


3703 

2343 

2146 

1733 

828 


608 

571 

1102 

473 

188 

314 

284 



For detailed results see 


Tables 16, 21, 22, 23, and 24, Appendix B. 































APPENDIX B 


This appendix contains the complete detailed results of 
all tests made in this investigation. The tables need no spe¬ 
cial explanation other than the following:— 

Where a blank space occurs in a table, it signifies that 
no test was made, usually because the specimens were miss¬ 
ing. 

Where the word “No” occurs, it signifies that the 
specimens were tested and found to have no strength. 







Series I 

RESULTS OF TENSION TESTS. 

(Neat Specimens) 


Series 

Number 

Specimen 
made 1915 

24 hours 

7 days 

28 days 

56 days 

C/) 

>> 
o 3 

00 

24 weeks 

52 weeks 

104 weeks 


_ 

295 

743 

843 

769 

755 

830 1 

671 

770 

A 

12-20 

343 

826 

861 

773 

728 

708 

773 

758 


- 

312 

768 

861 

722 

875 

696 

739 

721 

Avr. 

- 

317 

779 

855 

758 

789 

744 

728 

750 


- 

311 

797 

802 

802 

912 

762 

687 


B 

12-20 

325 

812 

784 

783 

943 

635 

686 



- 

282 

835 

878 

815 

784 

768 

670 


Avr. 

- 

306 

815 

821 

801 

883 

722 

681 



- 

400 

710 

758 

758 

711 

590 

642 

566 

C 

12-20 

405 

612 

790 

727 

737 

647 

562 

600 


- 

375 

745 

789 

788 

788 

673 

511 

600 

Avr. 

- 

393 

686 

779 

75 8 

745 

636 

572 

585 


- 

325 

637 

635 

677 

679 

627 

610 

640 

Ajo 

12-23 

332 

463 

674 


736 

583 

598 



- 

308 

512 

738 

656 

719 

557 

560 

740 

Avr. 

_ 

322 

537 

682 

666 

711 

589 

589 

690 


_ 

388 

544 

645 

791 

714 

683 

677 

576 

Bio 

12-23 

370 

721 

753 

793 

761 

675 

617 

722 


- 

340 

712 


790 

651 

676 

553 

740 

Avr. 

_ 

366 

666 

699 

792 

708 

678 

616 

679 


- 

320 

521 

765 

662 

686 

635 

412 

530 

Cio 

1 2-2 2 

295 

648 

751 

724 

688 

593 

414 

450 


- 

288 

120 


713 

610 

600 

485 

436 

Avr. 

. _ 

301 

630 

758 

700 

681 

608 

434 

472 


- 

235 

777 

755 

745 

763 

731 

640 

675 


12-27 

274 

733 


680 

764 

774 

633 

645 


_ 

220 

745 

675 

789 

792 

720 

765 

760 

Avr. 

_ 

243 

752 

715 

738 

773 

742 

679 

693 


_ 

323 

716 

900 

750 

784 

776 

590 

650 

Boo 

12-27 

364 

726 

902 

662 

796 

747 

554 

670 



320 

759 

777 

794 

797 

706 

552 

695 

Avr. 

_ 

332 

733 

859 

735 

792 

743 

565 

672 


_ 

327 

561 


620 

714 

686 

551 

560 

Co 0 

12-27 

314 

603 

613 

623 

672 

626 

487 

490 


_ 

277 

667 

652 

600 

724 

579 

498 

570 

Avr. 


306 

610 

622 

614 

703 

630 

512 

540 


_ 

225 

622 

744 

872 

747 

726 

762 

670 


12-29 

303 

680 

820 

865 

777 

790 

675 

735 



305 

670 

750 

812 

674 


776 

630 

Avr. 

1 

278 

657 

771 

849 

732 

758 

738 

678 


1 

249 

630 

797 

714 

720 

775 

776 

695 


12-29 

272 

730 

731 

830 

688 

682 

697 

725 


- 

255 

593 

762 

778 

700 

765 

717 

700 

Avr. 

- 

259 

651 

763 

774 

702 

741 

730 

707 



182 

579 

664 

784 

577 

620 

622 

580 

Cm 

12-28 

177 

559 

544 

730 

627 

702 

580 

595 



175 

634 

615 

620 

618 

658 

564 

540 

A vr 


178 

591 

607 

711 

607 

660 

588 

572 



325 


777 

767 

797 

736 

735 

755 

\ 

12-30 

300 

629 

791 

759 

725 

781 

690 

670 



305 

694 

693 

719 

793 

765 

743 

735 

A vr 


310 

662 

754 

748 

771 

761 

722 

720 



265 

583 

651 

735 

748 

633 

644 

668 


12-29 


482 

685 

775 

705 

743 

697 

720 

- L> 40 




631 

820 

682 

704 

702 

660 

Avr 


265 

547 

655 

777 

711 

693 

681 

689 



186 

525 

560 

730 

628 

679 

606 

548 


12-30 

208 

525 

678 

619 

611 

661 

616 

605 

^40 


205 

485 

672 

711 

694 

603 

639 

544 

Avr. 

- 

200 

511 

637 

706 

644 

648 

618 

566 


A - 

B - C 


Ajo 

- Bjo - 

c 10 

Aoq 

- Boo - 

CoQ 

A 30 

- B30 - 

Coo 

A40 

- B40 - 

C40 

A - 

B - C 


A 10 

- Bjo - 

Cio 

A20 

- Boo - 

C20 

A.m 

- Boo " 

C30 

A40 

- B40 - 

C40 


Average 
335 
330 
I 294 
! 238 

258 
Average 
358 
347 
322 
253 
266 


of Averages. 


760 

611 

692 

633 

573 


818 

713 
732 

714 
682 


of Highest 


802 

693 

713 

681 

601 


843 

752 

770 

760 

718 


772 
719 
702 
778 

758 
Breaks. 

759 
731 
735 
829 
772 


806 

700 

756 

780 

709 

869 

728 

771 

708 

746 


701 

625 

705 

720 

701 

757 

648 

745 

756 

734 


660 

546 

585 

685 

673 

701 

590 

635 

-725 

694 


668 * 
614 
628 
652 
.. 658 

685* 

670 

672 

685 

693 


*B specimens missing. 


"V 


-• o 


ie; (A ans 

































































Series I 


RESULTS OF TENSION TESTS. 

(Mortar Specimens) 


U 

(A Ja 

»- § 
<u 3 

c nZ, 


<u 

«\o 
P ^ 
G On 

jfi i-> 
O LO 

<L> r-4 

C/3 i-h 


Stress in Pounds per Square Inch 


C/3 

>> 

cc! 

t3 


c n 

CO 

C/3 

>> 

>N 

>» 

aj 

03 

o3 




OO 

VO 


CO 

10 

OO 

257 

340 

• 339 

288 

322 

343 

322 

314 

357 

289 

325 

346 

332 

345 

389 

348 

381 

402 

339 

383 

361 

339 

369 

384 

362 

392 

462 

366 

3 87 

466 

395 

369 

485 

374 

382 

471 

462 

527 

524 

443 

428 

476 

375 

428 

523 

427 

461 

508 

413 

412 

449 

366 

426 

447 

496 

522 

487 

425 

453 

461 

325 

351 

457 

304 

414 

511 

337 


416 

322 

383 

461 

417 

475 

389 

404 

448 

4 04 

396 

453 

458 

405 

459 

417 

422 

430 

408 

405 

400 

476 

428 

439 

462 

418 

423 

448 

460 

373 

426 

416 

427 

491 

381 

455 

468 

419 

418 

462 

3 81 

400 

484 

367 

350 

426 

327 

431 

411 

35 8 

393 

440 

306 

409 

429 

346 

344 

361 

350 

435 

451 

334 

396 

413 

365 

346 

444 

382 

476 

414 

340 

402 

385 

362 

408 

414 

356 

371 

381 

339 

356 

364 

328 

354 

302 

341 

360 

349 

318 

308 

372 

338 

358 

332 

318 

362 

403 

324 

343 

369 

382 

342; 

421 

362 

375 

392 

352 

360 

409 

365 

359 

407 

>f Averages. 


334 

359 

400 

391 

432 

477 

413 

433 

442 

351 

399 

422 

342 

354 

375 

f Highest Breaks. 

355 

372 

415 

428 

467 

507 

435 

456 

475 

371 

447 

460 

359 

369 

402 


24 weeks 

52 weeks 

104 weeks 

311 

278 

265 

321 

251 

267 

299 

241 

250 

310 

257 

261 

378 

360 


362 

340 


369 

366 


369 

355 


445 

365 

370 

435 

407 

365 


370 

310 

440 

381 

348 

532 

404 

325 

475 

411 

400 

452 

374 

375 

486 

396 

367 

432 

481 

400 

435 

492 

397 

429 

466 

391 

432 

479 

396 


380 

390 

523 

. 504 

365 

390 

326 


457 

403 

378 

441 

400 

310 

431 

397 


483 

408 

340 

452 

402 

325 

448 

388 

340 

421 

400 

330 

434 

384 

372 

434 

391 

347 

373 

389 

380 

375 

388 

290 

411 

392 

336 

386 

389 

335 

413 

370 

315 

452 

• 362 

345 

433 

409 

385 

433 

377 | 

348 

369 

372 

335 

437 

343 | 

310 

403 

383 

335 

403 

366 

327 

417 

354 

310 

407 

389 


460 

389 

360 

425 

377 

335 

360 

385 

295 

357 

298 

292 

337 

309 

275 

351 

331 

287 

342 

314 

285 

391 

332 

283 

356 

345 

262 

363 

330 

277 

357 

314 

285 

387 

320 

335 

386 

326 

303 

373 

323 

308 

373 

331 

305* 

458 

426 

380 

424 

394 

336 

420 

373 

337 

362 

328 

291 

381 

350 

319* 

497 

436 

397 

447 

366 

364 

450 

393 

360 

379 

352 

305 


A 

Avr. 

B 

Avr. 

C 

Avr. 
A 10 
Avr. 

Bio 

Avr. 

Cio 

Avr. 

A 20 

Avr. 

Boo 

Avr. 

Coo 

Avr. 

A 30 

Avr. 

B30 

Avr. 

C30 

Avr. 

A40 

Avr. 

Bio 

Avr. 

Cio 

Avr. 


A-B-C 
A -10 - B 10 - 

AOQ - B20 - 
A30 - Bgo - 
A10 - Bio ■ 

A-B-C 

A10 - Bio - 

A 20 ~ B*, - 

A30 “ B30 - 
A10 - Bio - 


12-21 


12-21 


12-21 


12-31 


12-31 


12-30 


12-31 


12-31 


12-31 


1-1 


1-1 


1-1 


1-1 


1-1 


1-1 


Cio 

C 20 

C.30 

C40 


Cio 

C 20 

Cgo 

C 40 


192 
165 
200 
186 
192 
175 

224 
197 
213 
228 

254 
232 
334 

337 
343 

338 
311 
294 
285 
297 
320 
230 

273 

274 
308 
252 
257 

272 
284 
299 
248 
277 

273 

257 
268 
266 
220 
220 
237 

225 
252 
232 
262 
248 
248 
260 
267 

258 
181 
221 
203 
201 
187 
194 
203 
194 
181 
218 
185 
194 

Average 
205 
303 
272 
244 
196 
Average 

226 
325 
293 

255 
208 


*B Specimens missing 


2 



















































Series I 


RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 


U 

.2 g 

U. ~ 

a; ~ 

^ 2 ; 


c 

UJ 

s 

’3 « 
c « 

^ s 


Stress in Pounds per Square Inch 


4 weeks 
Neat 

■- 

4 weeks 

Mortar 

12 weeks 

Neat 

12 weeks 

Mortar 

24 weeks 

Neat 

24 weeks 

Mortar 

52 weeks 

Neat 

52 weeks 

Mortar 

5480 

3920 

6490 

5220 

6930 

5020 

9188 

3809 

7220 

3360 

7060 

4540 

11050 

3380 

8945 

3304 

5800 

3620 

8860 

5170 

6110 

4020 


5056 

6170 

3633 

7470 

4980 

8030 

4140 

9066 

4056 

5280 

3200 

10380 

3780 

6470 

4180 

7984 

3859 

6850 

3390 

8380 

4040 

4440 

5500 

7898 

4140 

6980 

3700 

6700 

3380 

6890 

3860 

9159 

3252 

6370 

3430 

8487 

3730 

5930 

4840 

8347 

3750 

4550 

4060 

6790 

4720 

7920 

4200 

6944 

4350 

6610 

3920 

6500 

4680| 

8830 

3550 

8259 

3772 

5520 

3540 

9520 

5100 

7050 

4220 

7337 

4912 

5560 

3840 

7603 

4830 

7930 

3990 

7513 

4345 

6590 

3010 

6250 

2580 

. 7780 

4020 

3844 

3782 

6430 

3420 

6860 

4630 

8640 

4510 

5611 

3679 

4400 

3560 

9520 

3720 

8060 

4530 

5245 

3820 

5810 

33 30 

7543 

3640 

8160 

4350 

4900 

3760 

6-120 

2700 

11000 

3590 

7220 

4460 

7961 

4331 

6450 

2900 

9980 

5070 

6520 

2840 

7996 

3327 

6400 

2870 

10860 

3640 

7160 

4250 

8314 

4948 

6320 

2823 

10613 

4120 

6970 

3850 

8090 

4202 

5500 

2660 

7980 

4010 

7690 

2580 

5615 

3025 

1660 

3320 

6200 

2710 

7780 

4660 

5117 

4537 

6660 

2500 

7940 

3220 

8380 

4310 

6565 

3440 

5610 

2827 

7373 

3310 

7950 

3 85 0 

5766 

3667 

6280 

3830 

6200 

4300 

7230 

4140 

8143 

3812 

6470 

2950 

6960 

4280 

5170 

3870 

7258 

4069 

8700 

2850 

9070 

3740 

8350 

2780 

8888 

4320 

7150 

3210 

7410 

4110 

6920 

3600 

8096 

4067 

6450 

3 040 

4800 

3330 

9120 

2890 

6464 

3166 

6130 

2750 

8210 

3430 

7030 

2550 

5166 

3720 

7340 

2620 

8070 

3220 

7830 

3040 

4149 

3700 

6640 

2803 

7026 

3330 

7993 

2830 

5259 

3529 

9610 


8220 

3200 

7180 

2600 

6904 

2184 

7370 


4160 

3150 

8720 

2060 

6493 

2884 

7480 

2590 

5520 

3220 

86 80 

2760 

8522 

2740 

8150 

2590 

5966 

3190 

8190 

2470 

7306 

2607 

6560 

2500 

6640 

2950 

8510 

3540 

8624 

2260 

6200 

1710 

6870 

3350 

7840 

2400 

5165 

3398 

6370 

1890 

6530 

3110 

7130 

3230 

7382 

2220 

6320 

2033 

6680 

3140 

7830 

3060 

7057 

2626 

6780 

2340 

7000 

2850 

7910 

2510 

8429 

1834 

6180 

2300 

6970 

3590 

9620 

2530 

4914 

2672 

6120 

2050 

4510 

3050 

8530 

3840 

6149 

3268 

6360 

2230 

6160 

3160 

8690 

3250 

6497 

2591 

5820 

1550 

5610 

3220 

9470 

3770 

7442 

2039 

5360 

1940 

7800 

3220 

9450 

2450 

8746 

2857 

5860 

125 0 

7730 

2930 

7840 

3490 

8063 

2144 

5640 

1580 

7050 

3120 

8920 

3240 

8083 

2347 


1640 

4770 

2270 

9950 

1750 

4516 

2032 

4 800 

1560 

5320 

2970 

4720 

2840 

4812 

2975 

6540 

2320 

6700 

3120 

5010 

2980 

6369 

2680 

5670 

1840 

5600 

2790 

6560 

2520 

5232 

2562 

7070 

1900 

4840 

1900 

6960 

2930 

5843 

1904 

5520 

1760 

7360 

2090 

7380 

2270 

4458 

1870 

6120 

2040 

7370 

2260 

6750 

2040 

7418 

2260 

6280 

1900 

6520 

2080 

7030 

2410 

5906 

2011 

4710 

1030 

7700 

2500 

8710 

2320 

5828 

2047 

5470 

182 0 

6360 

2930 

7340 

2010 

5240 

1428 

6110 

1560 

6490 

1870 

6820 

2040 

6380 

2282 

5450 

1470 

6850 

2433 

7620 

2040 

5816 

1919 


C /3 

<U 

<u 

* 2 
2£ 


03 


C /3 

^5 
0/ 
cu 

rr o 
°g 

r-H FH 


A 

Avr. 

B 

Avr. 

C 

Avr. 

A - 10 
Avr. 

B - 10 
Avr. 

C - 10 
Avr. 

A - 20 
Avr. 

B - 2 01 
Avr. 

C - 20 
Avr. 

A - 30 
Avr. 

B - 30 
Avr. 

C - 30 
Avr. 

A - 40 
Avr. 

B - 40 
Avr. 

C - 40 
Avr. 


A - B - & C 

Aio - Bio - Cio 

A20 _ B20 ~ C20 
A30 - P30 - C30 
A 40 “ B40 - C_..jo 

A - B - & C 

Aio~Bio & Cio 

A20-B20 & C20 

A 30 -B;jo C30 
A40- B40 & C40 
*B Specimens 


DUoo 

5913 

7310 

6100 

5793 


Average 
3634 
2993 
2868 
1944 
1737 


Average 


6937 

6567 

8550 

6400 

6573 


3890 

3260 

3150 

2260 

2060 


of A\ 
7853 
8509 
6800 
6630 
6320 
of Hi 
9590 
9500 
8500 
7*20 
7260 


erages. 

4510 

3690 

3540 

3140 

2101 


ghest 

4790 

4570 

3660 

3390 

2770 


7300 

7690 

7700 

8480 

7070 

Breaks 

8920 

8080 

8730 

9200 

8540 


4320 

4020 

2970 

3180 

2320 

4910 

4550 

3310 

3720 

2740 


8309 

6252 

6887 

7212 

5651 

8869 

6691 

7958 

8600 

6722 


4050 

3876 

3401 

2521 

2164 

4703 

4435 

3641 

3174 

2506 


9656 

9394 

8685 

9245 

2833 

4116 

3474 

7081 

7817 

9488 

8129 

8941 


8941 

7375 

7338 

7225 

7313 

8157 

7912 

8276 

8115 

6622 

7255 
9559 
7812 
6042 
7519 
8464 
7342 
7131 
7953 
7485 
7523 
6602 
6940 
8623 
7388 
5767 
5553 
7216 
6179 
6204 
6450 
4745 
5800 
5287 

7256 
8195 
6913 


6848 

7747 

7418 

6297 


7515 

8403 

8347 

7287 


5467 

2891 

3130 

3830 


5210 

6544 

4669 

5474 

3092 

3731 
2675 
3166 
2143 
4352 
3442 
3312 
2738 
3793 
2653 
3061 
3738 
2698 
2981 
3139 
3221 

3732 
3095 
3349 
2478 
2344 
2416 
2413 
2217 
1930 
3321 
2489 
2871 
2370 
2451 
2564 
2201 
1438 

1819 

1868 

2378 

2259 

2168 

2948 

2851 

2531 

2777 

2328 

2199 

2264 

4652* 

3180 

2967 

2291 

2403 

6006* 

3959 

3316 

2798 

2551 


Missing 


L 


For detailed results 


sed Tables 4 to 13 inclusive. 
3 









































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at <age of 28 days'. 


(Neat Specimens) 


Series 

Number 

Spec’s made 

1916 Date 

Dimensions 

Area in 

Sq. in. 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Weight 

Load 

Stress 

^ CD 

<D O 

W.S 

• CD 

2 0 

O.S 

CD 

73 § 

O U 

HO 

CD 

+-> £ 

•a * 

*- 

£0 

u 3 

to 0 

hP-1 

CD 

£ 0 

PPh 

Cj 5 

- 4 -* ^ 
CD ^ 

c 

a* 

CD 


_ 

1.95 

2.00 

3.14 

6.12 

221 

36.14 

16500 

17210 

5260 

5480 

A 

1-29 

1.98 

2.00 

3.14 

6.22 

221 

35.54 

17470 

22640 

5560 

7220 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

231 

36.79 

12700 

18400 

4040 

5800 

Avr. 

- 







15557 

19417 

4950 

6170 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

231.5 

36.84 

14830 

16550 

4730 

5280 

B 

1-29 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

231.5 

36.84 

17820 

21500 

5780 

6850 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

232 

36.98 

13090 

21930 

4170 

6980 

Avr. 

- 







15247 

19993 

4890 

6370 


- 

1.96 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

225 

35.84 

11100 

14270 

3540 

4550 

C 

1-29 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

238 

38.64 

20740 

20740 

6610 

6610 


- 

1.96 

2.02 

3.20 

6.27 

226 

36.04 

15670 

17670 

4900 

5520 

Avr. 

- 







15837 

17560 

5020 

5560 


- 

2.02 

2.06 

3.33 

6.73 

232 

34.48 

11100 

21940 

3330 

6590 

A - 10 

1-31 

2.08 

2.07 

3.36 

6.99 

232 

33.20 

10000 

21600 

2980 

6430 


- 

2.00 

2.03 

3.23 

6.46 

225 

34.82 

9100 

14200 

2820 

4400 

Avr. 

- 







10063 

19247 

3040 

5810 


- 

1.96 

1.99 

3.11 

6.10 

208 

34.12 

12860 

19000 

4130 

6120 

B - 10 

2-2 

1.97 

1.97 

3.05 

6.02 

211 

35.06 

7000 

19600 

2290 

6450 


- 

1.96 

2.00 

3.14 

6.16 

213 

34.58 

17500 

20070 

5760 

6400 

Avr. 

- 







12453 

19553 

4060 

6320 


- 

2.05 

2.05 

3.30 

6.76 

235 

34.78 

15000 

18150 

4550 

5500 

C - 10 

1-31 

2.03 

2.05 

3.30 

6.70 

236 

35.26 

12400 

15370 

3760 

4660 


- 

2.07 

2.05 

3.30 

6.83 

237 

34.70 

13000 

21970 

3940 

6660 

Avr. 

- 







13467 

18497 

4080 

5610 


- 

2.02 

2.11 

3.49 

7.05 

238 

33.74 

17500 

21890 

5020 

6280 

A - 20 

2-2 

2.02 

2.07 

3.36 

6.79 

237 

34.91 

14500 

21710 

4320 

6470 



2.02 

2.03 

3.23 

6.52 

236 

36.18 

23000 

26060 

7130 

8700 

Avr. 

- 







18333 

23220 

5490 

7150 


“ 

2.01 

1.97 

3.05 

6.12 

215 

35.12 

13850 

19680 

4540 

6450 

B - 20 

2-3 

2.02 

1.96 

3.01 

6.08 

214 

35.20 

14570 

18420 

4840 

6130 


- 

2.03 

1.96 

3.01 

6.12 

216 

35.32 

20380 

22100 

6770 

7340 

Avr. 








16267 

20067 

5380 

6640 


“ 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

218 

35.74 


29280 


9610 

C - 20 

2-16 

2.00 

2.02 

3.20 

6.40 

232 

36.28 

16000 

23570 

5010 

7370 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

229 

36.50 

23460 

23460 

7480 

7480 

Avr. 

- 







18730 

25437 

6250 

8150 


- 

1.98 

2.00 

3.14 

6.22 

228 

37.68 

14000 

20590 

4460 

6560 

A - 30 

2-16 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

230 

36.63 

1 2 500 

19430 

3980 

6200 



2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

218 

35.41 

14000 

19630 

4550 

6370 

Avr. 

— 







13500 

19883 

4330 

6320 


“ 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

225 

35.84 

16800 

21300 

5350 

6780 

B - 30 

2-16 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

227 

36.18 

13700 

19400 

4370 

6180 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

225 

35.84 

18700 

19220 

5960 

6120 

Avr. 

— 







16407 

19977 

5230 

6360 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

227 

36.18 

13500 

18260 

4310 

5820 

C - 30 

2-17 

2.01 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

221 

35.90 

14020 

16500 

4560 

5360 

. 

— 

2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

226 

36.00 

17620 

18400 

5620 

5860 

Avr 








15047 

17720 

4830 

5640 


- 

2.02 

1.97 

3.05 

6.16 

220 

35.72 





A - 40 

2-19 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

220 

36.08 

12940 

14630 

4240 

4800 


— 

2.00 

2.02 

3.20 

6.40 

229 

35.81 

20920 

20920 

6540 

6540 









16930 

17775 

5390 

5670 


— 

2.01 

1.99 

3.11 

6.25 

219 

35.05 

21050 

22000 

6770 

7070 

13-40 

2-19 

2.02 

2.02 

3.20 

6.47 

229 

35.40 

17640 

17640 

5520 

5520 



2.00 

2.02 

3.20 

6.40 

227 

35.50 

19530 

19530 

6120 

6120 









19407 

19723 

6130 

6280 

r* a a 


2.03 

2.02 

3.20 

6.50 

232 

35.70 

15060 

15060 

4710 

4710 



2.05 

2.01 

3.17 

6.28 

231 

36.79 

16900 

17330 

5330 

5470 

A_vr 


2.02 

1.99 

3.11 

6.28 

221 

35.20 

17300 

18990 

5570 

6110* 

i A 1 

A - B - C 


Av 

erage 

of A 1 

cerag< 

5S. 


16420 

17130 

5200 

5450 


C,0 









4953 

6033 


Con 

- 








3727 

5913 


C 30 









5700 

7310 


C,n 









4797 

6100 

f ■ : ; 

A - B - C 

7 

Av 

erage 

f=> 

of H 

ighest 

Break 

s. 



5573 

5793 

Aio - Bin - 

C,n 









5983 

6937 

A 20 - B«o -‘"'Coo 


l 






, 1 

4547 

6567 

Aao - B 30 - 

C30 


} 0 L 







7127 

8550 

A.j(, - B^, - 

C40 









5343 

6400 




~ 4 

- 

— 

— 

■ _ _ . 

6293 

6573 

.* Broken 

on end. 

- v.iUflS 




- y.i 

1 



— 




4 





































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 12 weeks. 

(Neat Specimens) 




Dimensions 



Weight 

Load 

u 

<u 

rt <u 

E « 









C/5 o 

•ga 

7] 3 

jn Q 

O vo 

J 3 co 

0 

. c n 

ss 

2 0 

rea in 

1 . in. 

d 1 . in 

1 . in. 

C/3 

75 E 

•*-» cC 

C/5 

-*-» S 

c n 

C’g 

u ? 

(« 

S 

c/)!z; 

»Os 

M.S 

Q.S 


>U 

HO 

Do 

c /5 

-hPh 

■ O 

Dn 


_ 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

238 

38.62 

17200 

19820 

A 

1-29 

2.01 

2.00 

3.14 

6.31 

238 

37.7 

17250 

22150 


- 

2.04 

1.98 

3.08 

6.29 

237 

37.67 

27240 

27240 

Avr. 

- 







20563 

23070 


- 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

234 

38.38 

31620 

31620 

B 

1-29 

2.02 

1.98 

3.08 

6.23 

237 

38.04 

20080 

25800 


- 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

236 

38.7 

12100 

20410 

Avr. 

- 







21267 

25943 


- 

2.00 

1.98 

3.0S 

6.16 

227 

36.88 

12810 

20910 

C 

1-29 

1.98 

1.96 

.3.01 

5.96 

224 

37.61 

13110 

19540 


- 

2.00 

1.96 

3.01 

6.02 

229 

38.02 

17870 

28610 

Avr. 

- 







14597 

23020 


- 

2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.53 

234 

35.85 

15400 

20000 

A io 

1-31 

2.05 

2.04 

3.27 

6.70 

235 

35.08 

11300 

22400 

- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

219 

34.88 

12100 

29829 

Avr. 

_ 







12933 

24073 


_ 

1.97 

1.98 

3.08 

6.07 

215 

35.42 

17460 

33880 

Bio 

2-2 

1.98 

1.96 

3.01 

5.96 

215 

36.08 

23870 

30010 

_ 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

215 

34.9 

20010 

33500 

Avr. 

_ 







20447 

32463 


_ 

2.06 

2.04 

3.27 

6.74 

238 

35.3 

16710 

26120 

Cio 

1-31 

2.06 

2.04 

3.27 

6.74 

239 

35.47 

6470 

20250 

_ 

2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.53 

239 

36.61 

10640 

25410 

Avr. 








11273 

23927 

_ 

2.06 

2.03 

3.23 

6.66 

236 

35.43 

15400 

20000 

-A-20 

2-2 

2.05 

2.03 

3.23 

6.63 

236 

35.6 

11300 

22440 

_ 

2.06 

2.04 

3.27 

6.74 

238 

35.3 

12100 

29820 

Avr. 

_ 







12933 

24086 

_ 

2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.53 

230 

35.24 

7680 

15350 

B 20 

2-3 

2.03 

1.99 

3.11 

6.32 

216 

34.17 

19030 

25540 


2.04 

1.98 

3.08 

6.29 

217 

34.5 

15260 

24830 

Avr. 

_ 







13990 

21907 

_ 

2.01 

1.98 

3.08 

6.19 

222 

35.88 

14360 

25340 

C 20 

2-16 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

221 

36.23 

9800 

13060 


1.99 

1.99 

3.11 

6.20 

219 

35.34 

14850 

17140 

Avr. 






13003 

18513 

_ 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

220 

36.08 

9160 

20240 


2-16 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

219 

35.57 

10770 

21150 



2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.34 

234 

36.91 

8430 

20490 

Avr. 

. 





9453 

20620 


2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.34 

227 

35.8 

16460 

21980 

Bof) 

2-16 

2.04 

2.01 

3.17 

6.47 

228 

35.23 

15970 

22080 



2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.53 

229 

35.08 

12100 

14420 

Avr. 





14843 

19493 


2.01 

1.96 

3.01 

6.05 

219 

36.21 

18110 

18110 

Con 

2-17 

2.01 

1.97 

3.05 

6.13 

218 

35.57 

13550 

23770 



2.09 

2.02 

3.20 

6.69 

237 

35.43 

24710 

24710 

Avr. 





18790 

22196 


2.00 

2.03 

3.23 

6.46 

232 

35.88 

8050 

15370 


2-19 

2.01 

2.02 

3.20 

6.43 

231 

35.92 

14630 

17000 



2.01 

2.00 

3.14 

6.31 

227 

35.98 

21000 

21000 

Avr. 





14550 

17790 


2.03 

2.00 

3.14 

6.37 

227 

35.66 

13430 

15190 

•R 

2-19 

2.03 

2.02 

3.20 

6.50 

228 

35.08 

23560 

23560 

-*->40 


2 00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

225 

35.84 

22080 

23140 

Avr. 

- 

2.03 

1.99 

3.11 

6.32 

223 

35.28 

19690 

23950 

20630 

23950 

C.n 

2-23 

2.05 

2.03 

3.22 

6.60 

233 

35.3 

18870 

20490 

^40 


2.05 

2.02 

3.20 

6.56 

233 

35.5 

20750 

20750 

Avr. 

_ 




21190 

21730 



Average 

of Averages. 




A - B - C 
A 10 - Bjo ~ 

c 10 









A 20 " Boq - 

C 20 









A 30 - B 30 - 

C 30 









A 40 - B jo - 

C 40 

Avi 

erage 

of H 

ghest 

Bret 

i,ks. 



A - B - C 

A 10 - Bio " 

C'io 









A 20 - B 20 ■ 

Coo 









A 30 - Boo " 

C 30 









A 40 _ B jo - 

C 40 










5 


Stress 




D:S 


5580 

5500 

8860 

6650 

10380 

10530 

3970 

8293 

4160 

4360 

5940 

4820 

4820 

3460 

3850 

4040 

5670 

7940 

6500 

6700 

5220 

1980 

3330 

3510 

4780 

3500 

3710 

4000 

2400 

6130 

4950 

4490 

4670 

2960 

4780 

4140 

3000 

3500 

2680 

3060 

5240 

5040 

3780 

4690 

5610 

4440 

7730 

5930 

2490 

4580 

6700 

4590 

4280 

7360 

7030 

6220 

7700 

5870 

6490 

6690 


6490 

7060 

8860 

7470 

10380 

8380 

6700 

8487 

6790 

6500 

9520 

7603 

6250 

6860 

9520 

7543 

11000 

9980 

10860 

10673 

7980 

6200 

7940 

7373 

6200 

6960 

9070 

7410 

4800 

8210 

8070 

7026 

8220 

4160 

5520 

5966 

6640 

6870 

6530 

6680 

7000 

6970 

4510 

6160 

5610 

7800 

7730 

7050 

4770 

5320 

6700 

5600 

4840 

7360 

7370 

6520 

7700 

6360 

6490 

6850 


6587 

4750 

4210 

4560 

5830 


7853 

8509 

6800 

6630 

6320 


8390 

5990 

5230 

5490 

7250 


9590 

9500 

8500 

7220 

7260 



























































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 


Tested at age of 24 weeks. 
(Neat Specimens) 


U 

•a e 

u a 


<u 

rt 

S rt 
Q 

O vo 
V 

O'On 


Dimensions 


rj W 

<L> O 

K.S 


• C/5 
£ £ 
.2’S 
Q.H 




Weig 

r ht 

.5 • 

C jH 

c f) 

C /5 

Z! *-• 

TO • »-< 


H £ 

•M £ 

<L) . 


-*-» cC 

'£ ? 


>U 

HO 

J-T *■" 


Load 


C /5 

u S 

o 

ifi A 


C /5 

.j 5 

SfS 


Stress 


u C" 1 

(J C /5 


c 4 

C/5 





- 

2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.53 

237 

36.30 

17740 

22190 

5550 

6930 

A 

1-29 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

239 

37.30 

20220 

34740 

6450 

11050 


- 

2.03 

2.01 

3.17 

6.44 

239 

37.12 

18660 

19360 

5880 

6110 

Avr. 

- 







18873 

25430 

5960 

8030 


- 

2.03 

2.02 

3.20 

6.50 

238 

36.64 

15490 

20690 

4840 

6470 

B 

1-29 

2.02 

2.02 

3.20 

6.47 

234 

36.18 

8720 

14190 

2720 

4440 


- 

2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.53 

237 

36.30 

16S20 

22020 

5260 

6890 

Avr. 

- 







13677 

18967 

4270 

5930 


- 

2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

237 

35.59 

19830 

25320 

6200 

7920 

C 

1-29 

2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

226 

33.92 

25150 

28240 

7860 

8830 


- 

2.02 

2.04 

3.27 

6.61 

238 

36.Q1 

23050 

23050 

7050 

7050 

Avr. 

- 







22677 

25537 

7040 

7930 


- 

2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

236 

35.45 

11450 

24870 

3580 

7780 

Am 

1-31 

2.05 

2.04 

3.27 

6.70 

236 

35.25 

10110 

28230 

3090 

8640 


- 

2.01 

2.01 

3.17 

6.37 

220 

34.52 

23840 

25570 

7530 

8060 

Avr. 

- 







15133 

26223 

4730 

8160 


- 

1.98 

1.98 

3.08 

6.10 

212 

34.78 

12560 

22210 

4080 

7220 

Bio 

2-2 

2.01 

2.00 

3.14 

6.31 

215 

34.08 

17200 

20480 

5480 

6520 


- 

2.02 

1.97 

3.05 

6.16 

216 

35.07 

15030 

21810 

4930 

7160 

Avr. 

- 







14930 

121500 

4830 

6970 


- 

2.06 

2.04 

3.27 

6.78 

237 

34.97 

25080 

25140 

7680 

7690 

Cio 

1-31 

2.06 

2.02 

3.20 

6.59 

240 

36.42 

18530 

24910 

5800 

7780 

Avr. 

- 

2.06 

2.03 

3.23 

6.65 

240 

36.10 

19000 

27030 

5890 

8380 

- 







20870 

25693 

6460 

7950 

A 20 

- 

2.10 

2.01 

3.17 

6.66 

238 

35.77 

19330 

22890 

6100 

7230 

2-2 

2.00 

2.02 

3.20 

6.69 

240 

35.90 

10650 

16510 

3330 

5170 

Avr. 

- 

2.06 

2.02 

3.20 

6.59 

238 

36.14 

15590 

26710 

4870 

8350 

- 







15190 

22031 

4770 

6920 

Boo 

- 

2.05 

2.04 

3.27 

6.70 

232 

34.63 

19920 

29810 

6100 

9120=* 

2-3 

2.06 

2.02 

3.20 

6.59 

230 

34.92 

22470 

22470 

7030 

7030* 

Avr. 

- 

2.03 

2.00 

3.14 

6.37 

217 

34.08 

11340 

24606 

3620 

7830* 

- 







17910 

25627 

5580 

7993 


- 

2.01 

2.00 

3.14 

6.31 

221 

35.05 

12620 

22530 

4020 

7180 

C20 

2-16 

2.00 

2.04 

3.27 

6.54 

234 

35.77 

16940 

28430 

5180 

8720 

Avr. 

- 

2.01 

1.98 

3.08 

6.19 

219 

35.40 

22490 

26740 

7300 

8680 

- 







17350 

25900 

5500 

8190 

Ago 

- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

219 

34.88 

23000 

26690 

7330 

8510 

2-16 

2.00 

1.99 

3.11 

6.22 

220 

35.35 

20890 

24670 

6720 

7840 

Avr. 

- 

2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.53 

232 

35.51 

5130 

22800 

1600 

7130 

- 

2.03 






16340 

24720 

5220 

7830 

Bgo 

- 

2.03 

3.23 

6.56 

227 

34.61 

23840 

25530 

7380 

7910 

2-16 

2.02 

2.02 

3.20 

6.47 

228 

35.25 

30770 

30770 

9620 

9620 

Avr. 

- 

2.01 

1.99 

3.11 

6.25 

217 

34.72 

22080 

26510 

7110 

8530 

- 

2.00 

2.04 





25563 

27603 

8040 

8690 


- 

3.27 

6.54 

232 

35.48 

30980 

30980 

9470 

9470 

C30 

2-17 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

217 

35.59 

30870 

30870 

9450 

9450 

Avr. 

- 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

220 

35.72 

21800 

24130 

7080 

7840 

- 

2.04 

2.02 





27S83 

28660 

8670 

8920 


- 

3.20 

6.53 

232 

35.53 

31840 

31840 

9950 

9950 

A 40 

2-19 

2.08 

1.98 

3.08 

6.25 

217 

34.74 


14520 

4720 

Avr. 

- 

2.04 

2.05 

3.30 

6.73 

232 

34.50 

7580 

16520 

2290 

5010 

- 

2.02 

1.99 

3.11 




19710 

20960 

6120 

6560 

B 40 

- 

6.28 

219 

34.88 

19450 

21610 

6260 

6960 

2-19 

2.01 

1.99 

3.11 

6.25 

217 

34.74 

20340 

22970 

6530 

7380 

Avr. 

- 

2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.35 

217 

34.20 

15320 

21180 

4880 

6750 

- 

2.04 

2.04 

3.27 




18370 

21920 

5890 

7030 


- 

6.67 

235 

35.23 

28450 

28450 

8710 

8710 

C 40 

2-23 

2.01 

2.00 

3.14 

6.32 

223 

35.30 

23040 

23040 

7340 

7340 

Avr. 

“ 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

224 

34.94 

21720 

21720 

6820 

6820 

“ 







24403 

24403| 

7620 

7620 

A T3 n 


Average 

of Averages. 





A10 - Bio - Cio 
-A-20 - Boq - Coo 
A30 “ B30 - C30 
A 40 - B 40 - C 40 

A - B - C 

A 10 - Bio ~ Cio 
A 20 - Boo - C 20 
A30 - Bjjq - C30 
A40 - B40 - C40 

*Due V 20 - ’16 ; 


Average of Highest Breaks. 


Tested 7 /io - T6. 


5760 

5340 

5280 

7310 

6540 

6520 

6900 

6810 

8810 

8400 


7300 

7690 

7700 

8480 

7070 

8920 

8080 

8730 

9200 

8540 


6 









































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 52 weeks. 

(Neat Specimens) 


U 

<D 

11 

iSl 


<V 

52 2 

S rt 
t/i Q 
O VO 
<u ,-H 
0 <O\ 
OQ T-H 


Dimension* 


JB « 
V o 

ffi.S 


CO 

<l> 


o 

Q.S 


•S c - 

rt •- 

<L) . 

ij o* 


O 3 

>u 


Weight 


Load 


in 

13 E 

■e rt 
O u 

HO 


Ui 

~ S 
'3 2 
po 


tn 

u-O 

u 5 


tn 

£ 

+5 5 

Oh 


Stress 


CJ 5 


a* 

m 


0£ 




2.04 

1.98 

3.08 

6.28 

230 

36.62 

16800 

28300 

5454 

9188 

A 

1-29 

1.99 

1.98 

3.08 

6.15 

226 

36.86 

17500 

27550 

5682 

8845 

Avr. 

_ 







17150 

27925 

5568 

9066 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

239 

38.05 

21000 

25070 

6688 

7984 

B 

1-29 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

238 

37.89 

16000 

24800 

5095 

7898 


- 

2.03 

2.00 

3.14 

6.37 

237 

37.25 

20000 

28760 

6369 

9159 

Avr. 

- 







19000 

26210 

6050 

8347 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

239 

38.05 

19800 

21850 

6306 

6944 

C 

1-29 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

- 6.15 

229 

37.17 

20800 

25440 

6753 

8259 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

240 

38.21 

11500 

23040 

3667 

7337 

Avr. 

- 







17333 

23443 

5574 

7513 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

236 

37.58 

5200 

12070 

1656 

3844 

Axo 

1-31 

2.01 

2.00 

3.14 

6.31 

237 

37.56 

7000 

17620 

2229 

5611 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

235 

37.42 

7100 

16470 

2261 

5245 

Avr. 

- 







64 33 

15386 

2049 

4900 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

230 

36.62 

13020 

25000 

4146 

7961 

Bxo 

2-2 

2.00 

1.96 

3.02 

6.04 

216 

35.76 

10500 

24150 

3476 

7996 



2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

217 

35.57 

12500 

25360 

4098 

8314 

Avr. 

_ 







12340 

24837 

3907 

8090 


_ 

2.05 

2.01 

3.17 

6.50 

240 

36.92 

17000 

17800 

5362 

5615 

Cxo 

1-31 

2.05 

2.05 

3.30 

6.77 

241 

35.59 

13400 

16885 

4060 

5117 


_ 

2.03 

2.04 

3.27 

6.64 

243 

36.60 

6400 

21470 

1954 

6565 

Avr. 








12133 

18718 

3792 

5766 



2.07 

2.00 

3.14 

6.50 

239 

36.77 

17500 

25570 

5573 

8143 

A-20 

2-2 

2.06 

2.01 

3.17 

6.53 

238 

36.44 

11000 

23010 

3470 

7258 

- 

“ 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

221 

35.19 

16420 

27910 

5229 

8888 

Avr. 

- 







14973 

25496 

4757 

8096 



2.06 

2.04 

3.27 

6.74 

233 

34.57 

13000 

21150 

3975 

6464 

Boo 

2-3 

2.04 

2.03 

3.24 

6.61 

232 

35.09 

11000 

16740 

3395 

5166 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

220 

35.03 

9200 

13030 

2929 

4149 

Avr. 

_ 







11067 

16973 

3433 

5259 


_ 

1.98 

2.00 

3.14 

6.22 

220 

35.38 

17200 

21680 

5477 

6904 

Coo 

2-16 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

235 

37.40 

13800 

20390 

3494 

6493 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

200 

31.80 

26760 

26760 

8522 

8522 

Avr. 

_ 







19253 

22943 

5831 

7306 


_ 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

235 

36.65 

17000 

27090 

5414 

8624 


2-16 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

234 

36.48 

5200 

16220 

1656 

5665 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

232 

36.95 

15070 

23180 

4799 

7382 

Avr 








12423 

22163 

3956 

7057 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

229 

36.48 

22000 

26470 

7006 

8429 


2-16 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

232 

36.96 

9500 

15440 

3025 

4914 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

219 

34.90 

17100 

19310 

5445 

6149 

Avr 








16200 

20406 

5159 

6497 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

224 

35.64 

23370 

23370 

7442 

7442 

Con 

2-17 

2.05 

2.04 

3.27 

6.70 

240 

35.80 

27500 

28600 

8409 

8746 



2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

227 

35.40 

19200 

25320 

6114 

8063 

Avr 








20023 

25763 

7322 

8083 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

217 

34.59 

10000 

14180 

3184 

4516 

A 40 

2-19 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

207 

32.97 

12000 

15110 

3821 

4812 


2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

232 

36.95 

18000 

20000 

5732 

6369 









13333 

16430 

4245 

5232 



2 01 

1.98 

3.08 

6.19 

222 

35.87 

18000 

18000 

5843 

5843 


2-19 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

220 

35.00 

12000 

14000 

3821 

4458 

- L - > 40 


2 00 

1.99 

3.11 

6.22 

219 

35.20 

23070 

23070 

7418 

7418 

A 








17690 

18357 

5694 

5906 

Avr. 


2 00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.27 

225 

35.90 

17000 

18310 

5412 

5828 

cv, 

2-23 

2 00 

1.99 

3.11 

6.22 

224 

36.00 

10100 

16310 

3246 

5240 



2 00 

1 98 

3.08 

6.16 

224 

36.36 

15500 

19670 

5030 

6380 

Avr. 

- 







14200 

18097 

4563 

5816 


A - B & C 
Aio - Bxo & 
A 20 - B 20 & 
A30 - B30 & 
A40 - B40 & 

A - B & C 

Aio - Bxo & 
A30 ~ B20 &■ 
Ago " B30 & 
A 40 - B40 & 


Averages of Averages 


Cxo 

C20 

C 30 

C 40 


Cxo 

Coo 

C 30 

C 40 


Average of Highest Breaks 


5731 

3249 

4674'’ 

5479 

4834 

6374 

3923 

6023 

6943 

6187 


8309 

6252 

6887 

7212 

5650 

8869 

6691 

7958 

8600 

6722 


7 


































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

r* 

Tested ait age of 104 weeks. 

(Neat Specimens) 




Dimensions 



Weight 

Load 

Stress 


<L> 











u 

<U 

3^ 

v 3 

£ * 
yi ft 

0 \o 

,2 ^ 

L d) 

<v 0 

. c n 
£ £ 

« u 

£ . 
rf.S 

<L> . 

.5 d 

'o 3 

C/D 

73 £ 

+-> d 

O u 

C/1 

-M £ 

eg 

C/D 

U £ 

Vi © 

C/D 

£ 

£ 

— 0 

d 

• H 

U C/D 
•M ^ 

d 

• H 

6* 

C/D 


CO _ 

ffi.S 

Q.S 

<Xfl 

>CJ . 

HO 

Po 


pH 

C/D 


A 

1-29 











A - 10 

1-31 

2.06 

2.03 

3.24 

6.67 

236 

35.38 

8080 

9180 

2494 

2833 


- 

2.07 

1.99 

3.11 

6.44 

229 

35.56 

8020 

12800 

2579 

4116 

Avr. 








8050 

10990 

2536 

3474 


- 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

241 

35.86 

18130 

23600 

5666 

7375 

A - 20 

2-2 

2.09 

2.02 

3.20 

6.69 

241 

36.02 

16130 

23480 

5041 

7338 


- 

2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

240 

36.04 

16140 

23120 

5044 

7225 

Avr. 

- 







16800 

23400 

5250 

7313 


- 

2.00 

1.98 

3.0S 

6.16 

221 

35.88 

10430 

18610 

3386 

6042 

A - 30 

2-16 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

236 

37.58 

15270 

23610 

4863 

7519 


- 

2.04 

1.94 

2.95 

6.02 

221 

36.71 

11490 

24970 

3895 

8464 

Avr. 

- 







12397 

22397 

4048 

7342 


- 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

223 

36.56 

13010 

17590 

4266 

5767 

A - 40 

2-19 

2.00 

2.02 

3.20 

6.40 

227 

35.47 

11290 

17770 

3528 

5553 


- 

2.00 

2.02 

3.20 

6.40 

235 

36.72 

13560 

23090 

4238 

7216 

Avr. 

- 







12620 

19483 

4011 

6179 

B 

1-29 











Avr. 

_ 












- 

2.02 

2.02 

3.20 

6.46 

230 

35.60 

10950 

22660 

3422 

7081 

B - 10 

2-2 

2.02 

2.01 

3.17 

6.40 

230 

35.94 

10600 

24780 

3344 

7817 

Avr. 

- 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

215 

35.24 

15740 

28940 

5161 

9488 

- 







12430 

25460 

3976 

8129 


- 

2.10 

2.03 

3.24 

6.80 

234 

34.41 

19970 

26430 

6164 

8157 

B - 20 

2-3 

2.07 

1.98 

3.08 

6.38 

221 

34.64 

12930 

24370 

4198 

7912 

Avr. 

- 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.31 

221 

35.02 

15150 

25490 

4919 

8276 

- 







16017 

25430 

5094 

8115 

B - 30 

- 

2.02 

2.02 

3.20 

6.46 

230 

35.60 

12740 

22820 

3981 

7131 

2-16 

2.03 

2.02 

3.20 

6.50 

231 

35.54 

15160 

25450 

4738 

7953 

Avr. 

- 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

219 

35.90 

13880 

22830 

4551 

7485 

- 







13927 

23700 

4423 

7523 

B - 40 

- 

2.06 

2.03 

3.24 

6.67 

234 

35.08 

13820 

20100 

4265 

6204 

2-19 

2.04 

1.99 

3.11 

6.34 

219 

34.54 

15770 

20060 

5071 

6450 

Avr. 

- 

2.03 

2.00 

3.14 

6.37 

218 

34.22 

5830 

14900 

1857 

4745 

- 

2.00 






11807 

18353 

3731 

5800 


- 

2.01 

3.17 

6.34 

240 

37.85 

18500 

30610 

5836 

9656 

C 

1-29 

2.00 

1.96 

3.02 

6.04 

229 

37.91 

22170 

28370 

7341 

9394 

Avr. 


2.02 

1.96 

3.02 

6.10 

229 

37.54 

21620 

26230 

7159 

8685 

“ 

2.06 






20763 

28403 

6779 

9245 

C - 10 


2.03 

3.24 

6.67 

240 

35.98 

9280 

28970 

2865 

8941 

1-31 






• 



Avr. 

- 

2.00 

1.96 

3.02 




9280 

28970 

2865 

8941 

C - 20 


6.04 

221 

36.59 

19240 

20000 

6371 

6622 

2-16 

2.06 

2.00 

3.14 

6.47 

234 

36.17 

15600 

22780 

4968 

7255 

Avr. 


2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

235 

35.29 

24800 

30590 

7750 

9559 

“ 

2.00 

2.00 





198S0 

24457 

6363 

7812 

C - 30 


3.14 

6.28 

232 

36.94 

16620 

20730 

5293 

6602 

2-17 

2.06 

2.01 

3.17 

6.53 

237 

36.29 

16600 

22000 

5237 

6940 


- 

2.04 

1.97 

3.05 

6.22 

229 

36.82 

17000 

26300 

5574 

8623 

Avr. 

“ 

2.05 

2.04 

3.27 




16740 

23010 

5368 

7388 

C - 40 

- 

6.70 

236 

35.22 

9050 

17290 

2768 

5287 

2-23 

2.03 

1.98 

3.08 

6.25 

226 

36.16 

14840 

22350 

4818 

7256 

Avr. 

- 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

226 

36.691 

20200 

25240 

6558 

8195 

1 - 

Ave 

1 

rage 

of Av 

erage: 

3 . 


14697 

21627 

4715 

6913 

A'-B - C 





Aio - Bio - 
Aoo - B20 - 
-A -30 - B30 - 
A40 - B40 - 

C10 

C20 

C30 

C40 



• 

•vr-; 






6848 

7747 

7418 

6297 




























































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 28 days. 
(Mortar Specimens) 


U 

QJ 
lA n 

.a a 

U rZ 


<u 
"T3 
aj <D 

S * 

jn Q 

O \o 

S' 0 ' 

W r-( 


Dimensions 


W) 


<sj o 

ffi.S 


• C/3 

6 S 

.2 o 

Q.S 


Cb.S 
<u . 


O 3 

>u 


Weight 


C/3 

"rt S 

eti 
O U 

HO 


cn 

s 

‘p ™ 
u 

oo 


Load 


C/3 

u S 


CO 


C/3 

"C 

£ 

-j 3 
— o 
£Ph 


Stress 


u r? 

CJ C/3 

■M V ^' 

C/3 ^ 




A 

Avr. 

B 

Avr. 

C 

Avr. 

Aio 

Avr. 

Dio 

Avr. 

C 10 

Avr. 

Aoo 

Avr. 

Avr. 

C20 

Avr. 

-A 30 

Avr. 

B30 

Avr. 

C39 

Avr. 

A40 

Avr. 

B40 

Avr. 

C40 

Avr. 

A - B 
Aio - I 
A20 - I 
A30 - I 


>20 

5 30 


_ 

2.05 

2.06 

3.33 

6.83 

2581 

37.77 

13060 

13060 

3920 

3920 

2-23 

2.03 

2.00 

3.14 

6.37 

239 

37.52 

10560 

10560 

3360 

3360 

- 

2.02 

1.99 

3.11 

6.28 

244 

38.86 

11240 

11240 

3620 

3620 

- 







11620 

11620 

3633 

3633 

- 

2.06 

2.02 

3.20 

6.59 

252 

38.21 

10240 

10240 

3200 

3200 

2-23 

2.10 

2.0 2 

3.20 

6.72 

256 

38.10 

10830 

10830 

3390 • 

3390 

( 

2.08 

2.03 

3.23 

6.73 

257 

38.2 

11970 

11970 

3700 

3700 

1 - 







11013 

11013 

3430 

3430 


2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

258 

38.4 

12990 

12990 

4060 

4060 

2-26 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.87 

260 

37.81 

12540 

12540 

3920 

3920 

- 

2.09 

2.01 

3.17 

6.62 

254 

38.38 

11200 

11200 

3540 

3540 

_ 







12243 

12243 

3840 

3840 

_ 

2.08 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

240 

36.76 

9450 

94501 

3010 

3010 

2-26 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

256 

38.1 

10960 

10960] 

3420 

3420 

- 

2.09 

2.02 

3.20 

6.68 

254 

38.04 

11400 

11400 

3560 

3560 

_ 







10603 

10603 

3330 

3330 

_ 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

235 

36.5 

7000 

8500 

2220 

2700 

2-26 

2.04 

1.99 

3.11 

6.35 

233 

36.7 

9020 

9020 

2900 

2900 

_ 

2.05 

2.04 

3.27 

6.70 

247 

36.88 

9400 

9400 

2870 

2870 

- 







8473 

8773 

2663 

2823 


2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

251 

37.38 

8520 

8520 

2660 

2660 

2-26 

2.07 

1.98 

3.08 

6.38 

239 

37.47 

10210 

10210 

3320 

3320 

_ 

2.06 

1.98 

3.08 

6.35 

251 

39.52 

7710 

7710 

2500 

2500 

_ 







8813 

8813 

2827 

2827 

_ 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

246 

38.2 

11000 

12010 

3500 

3830 

2-28 

2.04 

1.97 

3.05 

6.23 

242 

38.86 

9000 

9000 

2950 

2950 


2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

243 

38.46 

8690 

8690 

2850 

2850 

_ 







9563 

9900 

3100 

3210 

_ 

2.10 

2.01 

3.17 

6.65 

252 

37.9 

9650 

9650 

3040 

3040 

2-28 

2.07 

2.03 

3.28 

6.69 

252 

37.66 

8900 

8900 

2750 

2750 


2.07 

1.97 

3.05 

6.32 

237 

37.5 

8000 

8000 

2620 

2620 

_ 







8850 

8850 

2803 

2803 

_ 

2.06 

2.03 

3.23 

6.66 

249 

37.39 





2-28 

2.06 

1.98 

3.08 

6.35 

241 

37.98 

5740 

5740 

1860 

1860* 


2.05 

2.03 

3.23 

6.62 

236 

35.64 

5720 

8380 

1770 

2590 








5720 

8380 

1770 

2590 

_ 

2.09 

1.98 

3.08 

6.44 

236 

36.62 

7710 

7710 

2500 

2500 

3-1 

2.09 

2.03 

3.23 

6.75 

254 

37.66 

5520 

5520 

1710 

1710 


2.10 

2.10 

3.46 

7.27 

243 

33.42 

6550 

6550 

1890 

1890 








6593 

6593 

2033 

2033 


2.10 

1.98 

3.08 

6.47 

241 

37.28 

7230 

7230 

2340 

2340 

3-1 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

' 251 

38.04 

7220 

7220 

2300 

2300 


2.12 

2.02 

3.20 

6.78 

1 254 

37.48 

6560 

6560 

2050 

2050 








7003 

7003 

2230 

2230 


2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

254 

37.78 

4950 

4950 

1550 

1550 

3-1 

2.08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

237 

36.62 

6030 

6030 

1940 

1940 


2.12 

2.00 

3.14 

6.65 

254 

38.18 

3930 

3930 

1250 

1250 








4970 

4970 

1580 

1580 


2 08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

240 

37.10 

5090 

5090 

1640 

1640 

3-3 

2.06 

1.97 

3.05 

6.29 

236 

37.56 

4760 

4760 

1560 

1560 


9 12 

2.02 

3.20 

6.78 

252 

37.16 

7420 

7420 

2320 

2320 








5760 

5760 

1840 

1840 


2.06 

2.02 

3.20 

6.59 

251 

38.1 

6100 

6100 

1900 

1900 

3-3 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

237 

36.98 

5520 

5520 

1760 

1760 


2 06 

2.02 

3.20 

6.59 

248 

37.62 

6550 

6550 

2040 

2040 








6057 

6057 

1900 

1900 


2 08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

247 

37.1 

3300 

3300 

1030 

1030 

3-3 

2 08 

2.03 

3.23 

6.73 

250 

37.16 

5870 

5870 

1820 

1820 



1 98 

3.08 

6.32 

234 

37.02 

4820 

4820 

1560 

1560 


J 2 05 






4663 

4663 

1470 

1470 

-i 

Av 

erage 

of A 

.verag 

es. 




3634 

3634 

j 









2940 

2993 

- ^10 
r \ 









2558 

2868 

~ C^20 

ri 









1944 

1944 

- '-'30 

- C40 









1737 

1737 


A - B - C 

Aio - Dio - 
Aoo - Dyo - 
A30 - Boo ~ 
A40 - Bio - 

*Omit. 


Average of Highest Breaks 


C10 

Cyo 

C30 

C40 


3890 

3260 

2770 

2260 

2060 


3890 

3260 

3150 

2260 

2060 


9 




































































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 12 weeks. 
(Mortar Specimens) 



Dimensions 





Weight 

Load 

Stress 

Spec’s made 
1916 Date 

Height 

inches 

Diam. 

inches 

Area in 

Sq. in. 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Total 

Grams 

Unit 

Grams 

1st Cr. 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

1st Cr. 

lb./sq. in. 

Ult. 

lb./sq. in. 



1 - 

2.10 

2.05 

3.301 6.93 

2571 37.1C 

1722011722C 

5 2 2 ( 

5220 

A 

2-23 

2.08 

1.95 

2.98 

6.20 

237 

38.23 

13 51C 

1351C 

454C 

4540 


- 

2.11 

2.02 

3.20 

6.75 

256 

37.92 

16540 

16540 

5170 

5170 

Avr. 

- 







15757 

15757 

4980 

4980 


- 

2.07 

2.02 

3.20 

6.62 

254 

38.37 

12080 

12080 

3780 

3780 

B 

2-23 

2.10 

2.01 

3.17 

6.66 

251 

37.70 

12810 

12810 

4040 

4040 


- 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.87 

258 

37.56 

10600 

10600 

3380 

3380 

Avr. 

- 







11830 

11830 

3730 

3730 


- 

2.08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

247 

38.19 

14690 

14690 

4720 

4720 

C 

2-26 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

255 

37.94 

14980 

14980 

4680 

4680 


- 

2.13 

2.00 

3.14 

6.68 

262 

39.23 

16000 

16000 

5100 

5100 

Avr. 

- 







15223 

15223 

4830 

4830 


- 

I 2 . 02 | 2.01 

3.17 

6.41 

240 

37.44 

8190 

8190 

2580 

2580 

A]o 

2-26 

| 2.03 

I 2.00 

3.14 

6.38 

239 

37.46 

14560 

14560 

4630 

4630 


- 

1 2.04 

1.98 

3.08 

6.28 

235 

37.42 

11460 

11460 

3720 

3720 

Avr. 

- 

1 

1 






11400 

11400 

3640 

3640 


- 

I 2.04 

2.04 

3.27 

6.67 

247 

37.06 

11730 

11730 

3590 

3590 

Bio 

2-26 

I 2.02 

1.97 

3.05 

6.16 

236 

38.30 

15420 

15420 

5070 

5070 


- 

I 2.03 

2.04 

3.27 

6.64 

247 

37.23 

12070 

12070 

3690 

3640 

Avr. 

- 

| 






13073 

13073 

4120 

4120 


- 

2.11 

2.02 

3.20 

6.75 

254 

37.83 

12810 

12810 

4010 

4010 

Cio 

2-26 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 6.72 

253 

37.64 

8690 

8690 

2710 

2710 


- 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

252 

37.51 

10310 

10310 

3220 

3220 

Avr. 

- 







10603 

10603 

3310 

3310 


- 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

252 

37.51 

13750 

13750 

4300 

4300 

Aoq 

2-28 

2.09 

1.99 

3.11 

6.50 

242 

37.22 

13300 

13300 

4280 

4280 


- 

2.08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

242 

37.41 

11640 

11640 

3740 

3740 

Avr. 

- 







12897 

12897 

4110 

4110 


- 

2.10 

2.03 

3.23 

6.78 

258 

38.08 

10740 

10740 

3330 

3330 

Bao 

2-28 

2.07 

1.98 

3.08 

6.38 

237 

37.16 

10560 

10560 

3430 

3430 


- 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

253 

37.64 

10310 

10310 

3220 

3220 

Avr. 

- 







10537 

10537 

3330 

3330 


- 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

238 

36.96 

10030 

10030 

3200 

3200 

C 20 

2-28 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

253 

37.64 

10080 

10080 

3150 

3150 


- 

2.06 

1.98 

3.08 

6.35 

240 

37.80 

9920 

9920 

3220 

3220 

Avr. 

- 







10010 

10010 

3190 

3190 


- 

2.08 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

240 

36.77 

9270 

9270 

2950 

2950 

A 3 o 

3-1 

2.12 

2.04 

3.27 

6.93 

255 

36.82 

10930 

10930 

3350 

3350 


- 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

256 

39.94 

9780 

9780 

3110 

3110 

Avr. 

- 







9993 

9993 

3140 

3140 


- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

252 

38.17 

8960 

8960 

2850 

2850 

B 30 

3-1 

2.08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

241 

37.26 

11180 

11180 

3590 

3590 


- 

2.08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

240 

37.08 

9490 

9490 

3050 

3050 

Avr. 

- J 







9877 

9877 

3160 

3160 


- 

2.08 

1.98 

3.08 

6.41 

236 

36.82 

9920 

9920 

3220 

3220 

C 30 

3-1 

2.07 

1.98 

3.08 

6.38 

239 

37.46 

9930 

9930 

3220 

3220 


- 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

254 

37.79 

9370 

9370 

2930 

2930 

Avr. 

- 







9740 

9740 

3120 

3120 


- 

2.10 

1.98 

3.08 

6.47 

237 

36.64 

6990 

6990 

2270 

2270 

A 40 

3-3 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

249 

37.04 

9500 

9500 

2970 

2970 


- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

248 

37.58 

9820 

9820 

3120 

3120 

Avr. 

- 







8770 

8770 

2790 

2790 


- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

240 

36.38 

5960 

5960 

1900 

1900 

B 40 

3-3 

2.08 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

243 

37.23 

6560 

6560 

2090 

2090 


- 

2.08 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

241 

36.92 

7110 

7110 

2260 

2260 

Avr. 





• 



6543 

6543 

2080 

2080 


- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

237 

35.92 

7870 

7870 

2500 

2500 

C 40 

3-3 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

236 

37.39 

9040 

9040 

2930 

2930 



2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

232 

36.70 

5770 

5770 

1870 

1870* 

Avr. 








7560 

7560 

2433 

2433 



Average 

of Averages. 






A - B - 0 










4510 

4510 

A 10 - Bio - 

Cio 









3690 

3690 

A 2 o - B 2 o - 










3540 

3540 

A 30 - B 30 - 

C 30 









3140 

3140 

A 40 - r$4o - C 40 









2101 

2101 


Average of Highest 

Brea < 

s. 






A - B - C 










4790 

4790 

A]o - Bio - 

Cio 









4570 

4570 

A 20 - B 2 o - 

Coo 









3660 

3660 

A 30 - B;jo - 

C 30 









3390 

3390 

A40 - B 40 - 

C 4 O 









2770 

2770 


■*Chip off of end. 


10 





















































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 24 weeks. 
(Mortar Specimens) 


CJ 

■3-2 

T S 

m2; 


E re 
'W Q 

*U vo 
«L> 

C/3 t-h 


Dimensions 


be 


<y o 

w.s 


• C/1 

E_£ 

So 

P.5 


re .5 

CD . 

u cr 


O 3 

>u 


Weight 


C/1 

73 E 

*-> re 
O u 

E-U 


Load 


c 

*- u 

Do 


C/3 

u 5 


C/3 

"O 

r -1 

5 

PcS 


Stress 



_ 

2.11 

2.01 

3.17 

6.69 

258 

A 

2-23 

2.08 

2.04 

3.27 

6.80 

257 


- 

2.12 

2.01 

3.17 

6.72 

259 

Avr. 

- 







- 

2.12 

2.03 

3.23 

6.85 

254 

B 

2-23 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.87 

252 


- 

2.08 

1.97 

3.05 

6.35 

249 

Avr. 

- 







- 

2.11 

2.00 

3.14 

6.63 

247 

C 

2-26 

2.09 

2.00 

3.14 

6.57 

244 


- 

2.11 

2.02 

3.20 

6.75 

256 

Avr. 

- 







- 

2.06 

1.9S 

3.08 

6.35 

236 

A io 

2-26 

2.12 

2.02 

3.20 

6.78 

255 


- 

2.12 

2.03 

3.23 

6.85 

256 

Avr. 

- 







- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

245 

Bio 

2-26 

2.07 

2.05 

3.30 

6.83 

249 


- 

2.06 

2.05 

3.30 

6.80 

246 

Avr. 

- 







- 

2.10 

2.03 

3.23 

6.78 

252 

Cio 

2-26 

2.11 

2.04 

3.27 

6.90 

252 


- 

2.10 

1.99 

3.11 

6.54 

241 

Avr. 

- 







_ 

2.11 

2.05 

3.30 

6.96 

257 

A 20 

2-28 

2.07 

2.00 

3.14 

6.50 

242 


- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

242 

Avr. 

- 







_ 

2.09 

2.00 

3.14 

6.57 

240 

Boo 

2-28 

2.12 

2.02 

3.20 

6.78 

253 


” 

2.11 

2.05 

3.30 

6.96 

255 

Avr. 








- 

2 . 0 S 

1.99 

3.11 

6.48 

237 

c ao 

2-28 

2.07 

1.99 

3.11 

6.45 

238 


- 

2.081 2.05 

3.30 

6.87 

252 | 

Avr. 

- 







- 

2.08 

2.05 

3.30 

6.87 

255 


3-1 

2.07 

2.02 

3.20 

6.63 

242 


- 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.87 

256 

Avr. 

- 








2.00 

1.99 

3.11 

6.22 

216 

B'io 

3-1 

2.11 

2.02 

3.20 

6.75 

251 


- 

2.12 

2.04 

3.27 

6.93 

! 253 

Avr. 

- 

1 






_ 

2 . 11 | 2.02 

3.20 

6.75 

254 

C 30 

3-1 

2.091 1.97 

3.05 

6.38 

237 



2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

248 

Avr. 

_ 








2.12 

2.01 

3.17 

6.72 

244 


| 3-3 

2.09 

2.00 

3.14 

6.57 

235 



2.11 

2.04 

3.27 

6.90 

252 

A vr. 

- 








2.13 

2.00 

3.14 

6.69 

242 

B 40 

3-3 

2.14 

2.04 

3.27 

6.72 

255 



| 2.14 

2.00 

3.14 

6.721 242 

Avr. 

- 

| 






_ 

| 2.14 

2.03 

3.23 

6.92 

| 255 

C 4 o 

3-3 

2.11 

2.04 

3.27 

6.90 

251 



2.12 

2.04 

3.27 

6.93 

254 

Avr. 

- 








Average 

of Averages. 

A - B - C 





1 


A 10 - Bio - 

Cio 






Aoo - B 20 ~ 

C 20 






A 30 - B 30 - 

C 30 







C 40 







Average 

of Highest 

Brea 

ks. 

A - B - C 







Aid - Bio _ 

c 10 






A 20 - B 20 - 

C 20 






A 30 - B 3 o - 

c 30 






A 40 ~ B 40 . - 

O 40 








38.57 

37.83 

38.52 

37.08 

36.66 

39.22 

37.24 

37.16 

37.94 

37.20 

37.60 

37.39 

37.10 

36.48 

36.18 

37.14 

36.52 

36.87 

36.94 
37.24 
36.70 

36.53 
37.30 

36.66 

36.58 
36.90 
36.66] 

37.12 

36.50 

37.30 

34.72 

37.20 

36.52 

37.66 
37.14 

37.58 

36.32 

35.77 

36.52 

36.18 

37.96 

36.00 

36.88 
36.40 

36.66 


13730 

10290 

12010 

13480 

11280 

13480 

13180 

11150 


12165 

12370 

14410 

14630 

13803 

14000 

9390 

14010 

12467 

8340 

15230 

13380 

12317 

13660 

12160 

8310 

11377 

9080 

7810 

10020 

8970 

8100 

4200 

9120 

7140 

10530 

6560 

10540 

9210 

5650 

8090 

12560 

10325 

12070 

6380 

10690 

9713 

5260 

8910 

9750 

7973 

9220 

7430 

6420 

7690 

7500 

6570 

6660 

6660 


15890| 
11060j 
12710; 
13220 
13480 
17280 
11770 
15380 
13180 
11150 
13490 
12607 
12370 
14410 
14630 
13803 
14000 
9390 
14010 
12467 
8340 
15230 
13380 
12317 
1 3660 
12160 
8750 
11523 
9080 
8170 
10020 
9090 
8100 
6410 
9120 
7877 
11690 
7700 
10540 
9977 
7820 
8090 
12560 
10325 
12070 
7500 
10690 
10087 
5560 
8910 
9750 
8073 
9220 
7430 
6420 
7690 
7500 
6570 
6660 
6660 


4330 

3150 

3740 

4180 

3700 

4180 

4200 

3550 

3870 

4020 

4510 

4530 

4350 

4460 

2840 

4250 

3850 

2580 

4660 

4310 

3850 

4140 

3870 

2640 

3550 

2890 

2440 

3040 

2790 

2600 

1350 

2760 

2240 

3190 

2040 

3230 

2820 

1820 

2590 

3840 

3250 

3770 

2090 

3490 

3120 

1660 

2840 

2980 

2490 

2930 

2270 

2040 

2410 

2320 

2010 

2040 

2040 

3930 

4020 

2860 


5020 
3380 
4020 
4140 
4180 
5500f 
3860* 
4840 
4200 
3550 
4220 
3990 
4020 
4510 
4530 
4350 
4460 
2840 
4250 
3850 
2580 
4660t 
4 310 § 
3850 
4140 
3870 
2780 
3600 
2890 
2550 
3040 
2830 
2600 
2060 
2760 
2470 
3540 
2400 
3230 
3060 
251011 
2530 
3840? 
3250 
3770? 
2450 
3490 
3240 
1750 
2840 
2980 
2520 
2930 
2270 
2040|1 
2410 
2320|| 
2010 * 
2040* 
2040 

4320 

4020 

2970 


3060| 3180 
2310] 2320 


4240 

4550 

3310 

3610 

2770 


4910 

4550 

3310 

3720 

2740 


fFailed 

tFailed 


with light 'report. ||Bad end. Omit. tfCavity in has 


slight report, 
e. Omit. 






































































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 52 weeks. 
(Mortar Specimens) 


5 Jj 


o 

cS O 

r— 1 •*—' 

C ctf 

«fl 

O \o 

G*Os 

m —. 


Dimensions 


m; 


<L> 

'^ 

V u 

a.s 


Weight 


Load 


Stress 


Diam. 

inches 

Area in 

sq. in 

Vol. in 

cu.in. 

Total 

Grams 

Unit 

Grams 

1st Cr. 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

1st Cr. 

lb./sq. ii 

Ult. 

lb./sq. i: 

2.05 

3.30 

6.77 

258 

38.1 

12570 

12570 

3809 

3809 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

241 

37.4 

10380 

10380 

3304 

3304 

2.00 

3.14 

6.50 

260 

40.0 

15890 

15890 

5056 

5056 






12946 

12946 

4056 

4056 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

244 

37.9 

12110 

12110 

3859 

3859 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

238 

37.1 

11000 

13000 

3502 

4140 

2.00 

3.14 

6.37 

237 

37.2 

8000 

10210 

2547 

3252 






10370 

11773 

3303 

3750 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

246 

38.4 

12000 

13650 

3822 

4350 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

245 

38.2 

10000 

11850 

3180 

3772 

2.02 

3.21 

6.48 

248 

38.3 

15000 

15770 

4672 

4912 






12333 

13757 

4225 

4345 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

257 

40.9 

11500 

11890 

3660 

3782 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

239 

37.3 

11550 

11550 

3678 

3679 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

260 

41.4 

12000 

12000 

3821 

3820 






11683 

11813 

3720 

3760 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

246 

37.7 

13000 

13600 

4138 

4331 

2.02 

3.21 

6.5 S 

248 

37.7 

10600 

10680 

3300 

3327 

1.93 

2.93 

5.86 

238 

40.7 

14500 

14500 

4950 

4948 






12700 

12927 

4129 

4202 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

256 

38.9 

9506 

9500 

3240 

3025 

2.00 

3.14 

6.47 

256 

39.6 

14200 

14250 

4540 

4537 

2.00 

3.14 

6.43 

242 

37.6 

10800 

10800 

3440 

3440 






11500 

11517 

3740 

3667 

2.00 

3.14 

6.66 

256 

38.4 

8000 

11970 

2548 

3812 

2.00 

3.14 

6.66 

255 

38.3 

12860 

12860 

4068 

4069 

2.04 

3.27 

6.67 

259 

38.8 

13000 

14120 

3976 

4320 






11287 

12983 

3531 

4067 

2.00 

3.14 

6.43 

254 

39.5 

8000 

9940 

2547 

3166 

2.00 

3.14 

6.40 

252 

39.4 

11500 

11680 

3661 

3720 

2.00 

3.14 

6.43 

255 

39.7 

11610 

11610 

3700 

3700 






10370 

11077 

3303 

3529 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

244 

37.4 

6200 

6860 

1973 

2184 

2.02 

3.21 

6.58 

257 

39.1 

9000 

9260 

2810 

2884 

2.02 

3.21 

6.48 

255 

39.3 

8500 

8800 

2647 


2740 






7900 

8307 

2477 

2607 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

257 

39.0 

7000 

7100 

2228 

2260 

1.98 

3.08 

6.28 

239 

38.1 

10100 

10470 

3279 

3398 

2.04 

3.27 

6.77 

258 

38.1 

7260 

7260 

2220 

2220 






8120 

8277 

2576 

2626 

2.00 

3.14 

6.50 

244 

37.6 

5500 

5760 

1751 

1834 

2.04 

3.27 

6.77 

257 

38.0 

8740 

8740 

2673 

2672 

2.00 

3.14 

6.47 

244 

37.7 

10260 

10260 

3268 

3268 






8166 

8253 

2564 

2591 

2.00 

3.14 

6.47 

256 

.39.6 

6400 

6400 

2039 

2039 

2.00 

3.14 

6.41 

252 

39.3 

8470 

8970 

2857 

2857 

2.00 

3.14 

6.43 

251 

39.1 

6740 

6740 

2140 

2144 






7203 

7370 

2345 

2347 

1.98 

3.08 

6.31 

239 

37.9 

6120 

6260 

1987 

2032 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

253 

38.4 

9290 

9340 

2957 

2975 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

240 

36.8 

8425 

8425 

2681 

2680 






7945 

8008 

2542 

2562 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

252 

38.2 

5980 

5980 

1904 

1904 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

246 

37.4 

5870 

5870 

1870 

1870 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

252 

38.2 

7000 

7100 

2230 

2260 






6283 

6317 

2001 

2011 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

251 

38.5 

6000 

6430 

1910 

2047 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

249 

37.8 

4480 

4480 

1428 

1428 

2.00 

3.14 

6.62 

250 

37.8 

7170 

7170 

2282 

2282 






5883 

6027 

1873 

1919 

erage 

of Averages. 











1 



3860 

4050 








3863 

3876 








3104 

3401 








2495 

2521 








2139 

2164 

or Highest 

Brea 

ks. 











L 



4529 

4703 








4468 

4435 








3526 

3641 








9404 

3174 








2490 

2506 


A 

Avr. 

B 

Avr. 

C 

Avr. 

Aio 

Avr. 

Bio 

Avr. 

Cjo 

Avr. 

A 20 

Avr. 

B 20 

Avr. 

C 20 

Avr. 

A 30 

Avr. 

B30 

Avr. 

C30 

Avr. 

A 40 

Avr. 

B 40 

Avr. 

C 40 

Avr. 


‘>_9 ‘ 


2-23 


2-26 


2-26 


2-26 


2-26 


2-28 


2-28 


2-28 


3-1 


3-1 


3-1 


3-3 


3-3 


3-3 


2.05 

2.05 

2.07 

2.05 

2.04 

2.03 

2.04 

2.04 

2.02 

2.00 

2.04 

2.00 

2.08 

2.05 

2.00 

2.10 

2.06 

2.05 

2 12 
2.12 
2.04 

2.05 

2.04 

2.05 

2.08 

2.05 

2.02 

2.10 

2.04 

2.07 

2.07 

2.07 

2.06 

2.06 

2.04 

2.05 

2.05 

2.10 

2.08 

2 

2.10 

2.10 


2.10 

2.11 


A-B- & C 

A10 - Bio & C10 
A20 - B 2 o & C 2 o 
A30 - B30 & C30 
A40 - B40 & C40 

Aver 

A - B & C 
A 10 - B i0 & C 10 
A 20 - B 20 & CoQ 
A 30 - B 30 & Cjo 
A40 ~ B,o & C40 


12 
































































Series I 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 104 weeks. 
(-Mortar Specimens) 


u 

V 

m 


<D 
03 

s * 


v 


u o 

<L> r—i 

m -h 


Dimension 


rn J) 

S-S 

Qj U 

W.S 


• c/5 

a o 

l-s 

Q.S 


03 

QJ 

U 

< 


O 3 

>U 


Weight 


(A 

H B 

o! 
O V- 

HO 


■>-> c 
'c 

>5 *- 

PO 


Load 


C/3 

o§ 


[/) 

X) 

c 

H § 
pH 


Stress 


I- 3 * 

O <0 
\ 
•*-* . 

1/3 


cr 

in 


£ P£ 


_ 

2.10 

2.04 

3.271 

6.87 

261 

37.99 

11200 

17880 

3425 | 

2-23 

2.10 

1.96 

3.02 

6.34 

239 

37.70 

8570 

8730 

2838 

- 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.31 

243 

38.51 

8970 

9640 

2912 

- 







9580 

12083 

3058 

- 

2.09 

2.04 

3.27 

6.83 

258 

37.77 

9350 

10110 

2859 

2-26 

2.08 

2.04 

3.27 

6.70 

260 

38.80 

8550 

12200 

2615 

- 

2.11 

2.00 

3.14 

6.62 

260 

39.29 

8000 

8400 

2548 

- 







8633 

10237 

2674 

- 

2.14 

2.02 

3.20 

6.85 

256 

37.37 

11960 

11960 

3738 

2-28 

2.11 

1.98 

3.08 

6.50 

249 

38.31 

8310 

8310 

2698 

- 

2.12 

2.02 

3.20 

6.78 

261 

38.50 

8050 

9540 

2516 

_ 







9440 

9937 

2984 

_ 

2.11 

2.04 

3.27 

6.90 

258 

37.39 

7250 

7250 

2217 

3-1 

2.15 

2.05 

3.30 

7.10 

262 

36.90 

6370 

6370 

1930 

_ 

2.06 

1.96 

3.02 

6.22 

240 

38.58 

10030 

10030 

3321 

_ 


1 





7883 

7883 

2489 

_ 

2.10 

2.01 

3.17 

6 65 

247 

37.14 

5920 

5920 

1868 

3-3 

2.10 

2.01 

3.17 

6.65 

254 

38.20 

7540 

7540 

2378 

_ 

2.10 

2.01 

3 . T 7 

6.65 

254 

38.20 

7160 

7160 

2259 

- 







6873 

6873 

2168 

2-23 










- 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.31 

235 

37.24 

5970 

6600 

1938 

2-26 

2.05 

1.95 

2.98 

6.11 

237 

38.79 

12150 

12970 

4077 

_ 

2.07 

1.98 

3.08 

6.38 

235 

36.74 

10500 

10600 

3409 

_ 







9540 

10057 

3141 

_ 

2.13 

2.01 

3.17 

6.75 

258 

38.22 

9040 

10210 

2852 

2-28 

2.08 

1.96 

3.02 

6.28 

242 

38.54 

11270 

11270 

3732 


2.07 

1.97 

3.05 

6.31 

242 

38.35 

9440 

9440 

3095 








9917 

10307 

3226 

_ 

2.13 

1.99 

3.11 

6.62 

245 

37.01 

8930 

8930 

2871 

3-1 

2.10 

1.98 

3.08 

6.47 

244 

37.71 

6570 

7300 

2133 


2.11 

1.98 

3.08 

6.50 

246 

37.85 

7550 

7550 

2451 








7683 

7927 

2485 


2.10 

1.98 

3.08 

6.47 

239 

36.94 

9080 

9080 

2948 

3-3 

2.12 

1.98 

3.08 

6.53 

242 

37.06 

8780 

8780 

2851 


2.15 

2 02 

3.20 

6.88 

249 

36 19 

8140 

8140 

2531 








8667 

8667 

2777 


2.10 

1.97 

3.05 

6.40 

236 

36.88 

15890 

15890 

5210 

2-26 

2.10 

1.97 

3.05 

6.40 

240 

37.50 

19960 

19960 

6544 


2.10 

1.97 

3.05 

6.40 

239 

37.34 

14240 

14240 

4669 








16697 

16697 

5474 


2.09 

1.97 

3.05 

6.37 

243 

38.15 

7800 

8350 

2557 

2-26 

2.09 

1.97 

3.05 

6.37 

240 

37.68 

11570 

11570 

3793 


2 10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

255 

37.95 

7300 

8490 

2281 








8890 

9470 

2877 


2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

257 

38.24 

7970 

7930 

2491 

2-28 

2.06 

2.00 

3.14 

6.47 

239 

36.94 

7360 

7360 

2344 


2 10 

2.02 

3.20 

6.72 

256 

38.10 

7730 

7730 

2416 








7687 

7673 

2417 


2 10 

1.98 

3.08 

6.47 

241 

37.25 

6780 

6780 

2201 

3-1 

2.12 

2.01 

3.17 

6.72 

249 

37.05 

4280 

4560 

1350 

“ 







5530 

5670 

1776 


2 08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

238 

36.78 

7240 

7240 

2328 

3-3 

j 2.08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

239 

36.94 

6840 

6840 

2199 

“ 

1 

1 






7040 

| 7040 

2264 


A 

Avr. 

Ajo 
A vr. 

A 20 
Avr. 

A 30 
Avr. 

A - 40 

Avr. 

B 

Avr. 

^10 
Avr. 

BoQ 

Avr. 

B 30 
Avr. 

B40 

Avr. 

C 

Avr. 

C l0 

Avr. 

C 20 

Avr. 

C30 

Avr. 

C40 

Avr. 

A - C 
A 10 , Bm> 
A 20 , Boo, 
A30, Bbo> 
A 40 , B 40 , 


Cio 

Cco 

C;to 

C40 


Average of Averages. 


5467 

2891 

3130 

3830 

3092 

3731 

2675 

3166 

3738 

2698 

2981 

3139 

2217 

1930 

3321 

2489 

1868 

2378. 

2259 

2168 


2143 

4352 

3442 

3312 

3221 

3732 

3095 

3349 

2871 

2370 

2451 

2564 

2948 

2851 

2531 

2777 

5210 

6544 

4669 

5474 

2738 

3793 

2653 

3061 

2478 

2344 

2416 

2413 

2201 

1438 

1819 

2328 

2199 

2264 

4652 

3180 

2967 

2291 

2403 


13 
















































































Series II 

RESULTS OF TENSION TESTS. 

(Neat Specimens) 


Serial 

Number 

Spec’s made 

1916 Date 

24 hours 

1 week 

4 weeks 

8 weeks 

12 weeks 

24 weeks 

52 weeks 

104 weeks 

1 


_ 

424 

696 

618 

785 

700 

705 

645 

707 

Ao 

6-1 

407 

632 

842 

701 

695 

710 

610 



- 

349 

728 

709 

749 

794 

880 

565 


Avr. 

- 

393 + 

685 

776 

745 

730 

765 

607 

707 


- 

327 

563 

618 

611 

630 

652 

685 

737 

Ao 5 

6-2 

304 

4 86 

527 

648 • 

617 

675 

500 

591 


- 

332 

635 

636 

587 

686 

561 

705 

620 

Avr. 

- 

321 

599 

627 

615 

644 

629 

630 

649 


- 

210 

442 

562 

569 

553 

540 

520 

655 

A 50 

6-2 

235 

416 

584 

558 

492 

590 

610 

520 


- 

293 

4 35 

599 

574 

628 

500 

575 

640 

Avr. 

- 

246 

431 

582 

567 

558 

543 

568 

605 


- 

61 

120 

231 

276 

272 

220 



A-5 

6-15 

60 

170 

233 

224 

298 

237 




- 

| 2 S 

136 

94 

228 

278 

334 



Avr. 

- 

1 60 + 

153 

232 

242 

283 

263 




- 


124 

230 


215 

243 

230 

370 

A-87 1 / 2 

7-10 


107 

278 


275 

312 

277 

335 


- 


118 

247 


256 

2 S 8 

222 

320 

Avr. 

- 


116 

252 


249 

281 

243 

342 


- 


84 

167 

185 

No 

236 

210 

55 

Aj »3 3/4 

7-12 


76 

165 

167 

No 

244 

206 

135 


- 


62 

147 

182 

No 

201 

245 


Avr. 

- 


74 

160 

178 

No 

227 

220 

95 


- 


No 



No 

00 


30 

An 0 7 /§ 

8-8 


No 



No 

30 




- 


No 



No 

26 



Avr. 

- 


No 



No 

28 


30 


- 

67 

261 

410 

470 

355 

311 

455 


A — * 

^75 

8-11 

57 

238 

372 

411 

395 

338 

476 


Special 

- 

66 


392 


405 

289 



Avr. 

- 

63 

250 

391 

441 

385 

313 

465 



- 

317 

729 

396 

828 

730 

754 

720 

770 

Bo 

8-9 

42 8 

690 

760 

755 

635 

730 

727 

795 


- 

448 

650 

835 

771 

807 

560 

642 

760 

Avr. 

- 

424 

690 

664 

7 85 

724 

681 

696 

775 


- 

422 

581 

653 

560 

696 

807 

725 

698 

b j5 

8-10 

378 

637 

775 

715 

752 

639 

685 

708 


- 

389 

584 

686 

730 

649 

659 

710 

685 

Avr. 

- 

396 

601 

705 

668 

699 

701 

707 

697 


- 

219 

456 

578 

605 

580 

560 

635 

615 

B 50 

8-11 

181 

460 

550 

598 

593 

595 

625 

645 


- 

206 

461 

596 

570 

500 

560 

589 

645 

Avr. 

- 

202 

459 

575 

591 

558 

572 

616 

635 


- 

29 

240 

375 

461 

432 

456 

482 

495 

B 75 

8-14 

59 

259 

430 

445 

510 

491 

482 

482 


- 

64 

255 

380 

523 

427 

421 

450 

505 

Avr. 

- 

51 

251 

395 

476 

456 

456 

471 

494 


- 

No 

92 

220 

243 

265 

271 

290 

303 

Bs 7 1/2 

8-15 

No 

102 

206 

259 

256 

278 

262 

300 


- 

No 

101 

226 

237 

233 

285 

320 

350 

Avr. 

- 

No 

98 

217 

246 

251 

278 

291 

318 


- 

No 

70 

128 

206 

189 

218 

256 

180 

B 93 3/4 

8-15 

No 

73 

150 

194 

220 

234 

272 



- 

No 

70 

165 

180 

209 

221 

263 


Avr. 

- 

No 

71 

144 

193 

206 

224 

264 

180 


- 

No 

No 

45 

No 

No 

33 

40 

45 

Boo 7/8 

8-16 

No 

No 

21 

No 

No 

42 

81 

70 


- 

No 

No 

21 

No 

No 

52 

85 


Avr. 

- 

No 

No 

29 

No 

No 

42 

69 

57 



Average of Averages. 





Ao - B 0 


408 

687 

720 

765 

727 

723 

652 

741 

Ao 5 - PI 25 


358 

600 

666 

641 

671 

665 

668 

673 

A 50 - B 50 


224 

445 

578 

579 

558 

558 

592 

620 

A 75 - B 75 


56 

202 

314 

359 

369 

359 



^87 1/2 “ J=>87 1/2 


107 

235 


250 

279 

267 

330 

A03 3/4 ~ B93 3/4 


73 

152 

186 


225 

242 

137 


Average of Highest 

Breaks. 





Ao - Bo 


436 

728 

839 

807 

801 

817 

686 

751 

A 05 - B 05 


377 

636 

706 

689 

719 

741 

715 

723 

A 50 - B 50 


256 

452 

598 

589 

611 

593 

622 

650 

A 75 - B 75 


62 

215 

332 

399 

404 

413 



-A-87 1/2 “ Bg- 4/2 


113 

252 


270 

299 

298 

360 

A 93 3/4 “ B 93 3 / 4 


79 

166 

190 


239 

258 

157 


14 





























































Series II 

RESULTS OF TENSION TESTS. 

(Mortar Specimens) 


Serial 

Number 

Date made 

1916 Date 

1 week 

4 weeks 

8 weeks 

12 weeks 

24 weeks 

52 weeks 

104 weeks 

A# 

6-1 

306 

291 

390 

415 

476 

491 

442 

511 

1 467 

477 

405 

420 

415 

414 


~ 

295 

423 

379 

470 

435 

375 

426 

Avr. 


297 + 

409 

484 

474 

459 

400 

418 


— 

2 82 

377 

440 

373 

403 

395 

410 

-A-25 

6-2 

280 

353 

464 

458 

385 

400 

370 


“ 

256 

420 

395 

4 05 

414 

420 

432 

Avr. 


273 

383 

433 

412 

401 

405 

407 

A 50 


216 

301 

342 

380 

410 

325 

345 

6-2 

208 

310 

394 

393 

416 

345 

418 

Avr. 


203 

262 

355 

368 

395 

362 

385 


209 

291 

364 

380 

407 

344 

383 

A 75 

~ 

99 

185 

239 

267 

262 

275 

300 

6-15 

106 

192 

241 

304 

262 

270 

260 

Avr. 

- 

92 

187 

226 

262 

290 

300 

- 

9 9 

188 

235 

278 

271 

282 

280 

As? 1/2 


36 

53 


75 

84 

85 

7-10 

26 

56 


83 

92 

77 


Avr. 

- 

31 

60 

56 


83 

SO 

104 

93 

100 

87 

70 

70 

A 93 3/4 

- 

No 

No 

No 

No 

No 


7-12 

No 

No 

No 

No 

No 



Avr. 

- 

No 

No 

No 

No 

No 



- 

No 

No 

No 

No 

No 




- 

No 

No 





Age 7/8 

8-8 

No 

No 







- 

No 

No 






Avr. 

- 

No 

No 






Bo 

- 

264 

381 

400 

412 

400 

350 

430 

8-9 

197 

347 

341 

412 

455 

285 

405 

Avr. 

- 

242 

393 

465 

452 

468 

355 

370 

- 

253 

374 

432 

425 

441 

330 

402 

B 25 

- 

270 

354 

385 

345 

383 

399 

308 

8-10 

279 

319 

365 

357 

424 

362 

386 

Avr. 

- 

265 

311 

307 

377 

363 

308 

310 

- 

271 

328 

352 

360 

390 

356 

335 

B 50 

- 

120 

205 

255 

297 

283 

315 

275 

8-11 

140 

190 

295 

263 

303 

307 

255 

Avr. 

- 

136 

227 

265 

264 

335 

300 

. 275- 

- 

132 

207 

272 

275 

307 

307 

268 

B 75 


69 

147 

178 

183 

178 

245 

210 

8-14 

62 

145 

164 

210 

194 

215 

240 

Avr. 

- 

64 

144 

165 

174 

218 

193 

- 

64 

145 

169 

189 

197 

218 

225 

B87 1/2 

- 

No 

73 

86 

107 

137 

142 

115 

8-15 

No 

52 

87 

106 

132 

127 

110 

Avr. 

- 

^0 

35 

79 

85 

106 

165 

80 

- 

No 

62 

84 

100 

125 

145 

102 


- 

No 

No 

No 

63 

88 

98 


B 93 3/4 

8-15 

No 

No 

No 

40 

62 

63 

90 


- 

No 

No 

No 

52 

64 

85 


Avr. 

- 

No 

No 

No 

52 

71 

82 

90 


- 

No 

No 






B 96 7/8 

8-16 

No 

No 







- 

No 

No 






Avr. 

- 

No 

No 






Ao - Bo 


Average of Averages. 






274 

392 

458 

449 

450 

365 

410 

A 05 - -t>25 


272 

355 

392 

386 

395 

380 

371 

Aeo - Bso 


170 

249 

318 

328 

357 

326 

325 

A 75 - B 75 


82 

166 

202 

233 

234 

250 

252 

As 7 1/2 “ E 

87 1/2 

— 

59 

— 

90 

109 

116 

86 


Average of H 

ighest E 

treaks. 





Ao - Jfc5 0 


285 

408 

478 

481 I 

472 

388 

428 

A 05 - B 05 


280 

387 

424 

417 ! 

419 

410 

409 

A 50 - B 50 


178 

268 

344 

345 

375 

338 

346 

A 75 - B 75 


87 

169 

209 

257 

254 

272 

270 

A87 1/2 ■ B 

87 1/2 


66 


95 

120 

132 

92 









































































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 


Series 

Number 

Specimen 

made 

Stress in pounds ptr square inch 

4 weeks 

Neat 

4 weeks 

Mortar 

24 weeks 

Neat 

24 weeks 

Mortar 

52 weeks 

Neat 

52 weeks 

Mortar 

104 weeks 

Neat 

104 weeks 

Mortar 



8200 

1954 

5430 

2535 

8615 

2548 

13936 

2095 

Ao 


7350 

1623 

9180 

2500 

6350 

2070 

14212 

2255 



5490 

2171 

9350 

2810 

4140 

2385 

15256 

2095 

Av. 


7013 

1916 

7987 

2615 

6368 

2334 

14468 

2148 



75 70 

1918 

7430 

1910 

8879 

3274 

8662 

2950 

Bo 


6890 

1571 

7820 

2020 

8060 

3869 

9070 

1735 



6150 

1678 

8780 

2542 

7293 

3965 

7910 


Av. 


6870 

1722 

8010 

2160 

8077 

3703 

8547 

2343 



6520 

1765 

7490 

3000 

6529 

2045 

8642 

2900 

A 25 


5770 

2218 

10790 

2670 

5303 

2468 

8880 

1685 



7140 

1980 

8740 

2315 

6768 

2618 

6637 


Av. 


6477 

1988 

9007 

2661 

6200 

2377 

8053 

2293 



6280 

2090 

6940 

2050 

7055 

1720 

5390 

2148 

B 05 


6660 

1974 

7420 

2020 

7982 

2270 

5550 

1313 



6350 

1875 

7525 

2285 

6864 

2448 



Av. 


6430 

1980 

7295 

2115 

7300 

2146 

5470 

1733 



4450 

1434 

5300 

2175 

6019 

2500 

4025 

1895 

A50 


4370 

1474 

5120 

2180 

8089 

1781 

2381 

815 



4130 

1523 

5300 

2215 

5662 

2131 

4435 


Av. 


4317 

1477 

5240 

2190 

6590 

2137 

3614 

1355 



3452 

1028 

4750 

897 

4373 

730 

4348 


B 50 


4060 

898 

5620 

955 

6527 

1152 

5"291 




5140 

889 

6390 

1700 

7120 

601 

4340 


Av. 


4217 

938 

5586 

1195 

6007 

828 

4660 




1511 


2300 

1170 

1392 

965 

1422 

938 

A75 


1292 

824 

2450 

1221 

1115 

1076 

1609 

768 



1038 

753 

1893 

1171 

1895 

771 

1135 

1010 

Av. 


1280 

789 

2214 

1187 

146.' 

937 

1389 

905 



1827 

311 

2460 

335 

1786 

637 

2249 

508 

B75 


2157 

486 

2620 

480 

2461 

685 

2543 

507 



1776 

503 

2080 

470 

2338 

503 

2431 

698 

Av. 


1920 

431 

2386 

431 

2195 

608 

2408 

571 



1141 

338 

1862 

534 

1197 

354 



Ag7 1/2 


947 

324 

1873 

420 

398 

573 





1310 

360 

2240 

589 


637 



Av. 


1133 

340 

1992 

514 

798 

521 





868 

342 

1055 

382 

1169 

1340 

1234 

518 

Bg7 1/2 


782 

311 

1014 

368 

1115 

929 

1211 

570 



814 

272 

1040 

308 

1227 

1036 


332 

Av. 


821 

308 

1036 

353 

1170 

1102 

1222 

473 



531 

No 

746 

68.7 

924 


781 

No 

A 93 3/4 


626 

No 

737 

56.4 

1010 


810 

No 



498 

No 

962.5 

84.6 

1290 


705 

No 

Avr. 


552 

No 

815 

69.9 

1075 


765 

No 



564 

99 

961 

245 

949 

159 

848 

194 

B 93 3/4 


648 

71 

946 

194 

639 

153 

1290 

433 



338 

59 

795 

161 

982 

252 

1273 


Av. 


517 

76 

901 

202 

857 

188 

1137 

314 



No 

No 

31.9 



No 

No 


A90 7/8 


No 

No 

25.3 


19 






No 

No 

43.0 


25 




Av. 


No 

No 

33.4 


22 

No 

No 




30 

318 

61.2 


61 

284 

No 


Boo 7/8 


43 

274 

69.7 


48 


No 




16 

164 

83.8 


63 




Av. 


29 

252 

71.5 


57 

284 

No 




A ve 

rage of 

Averag 

es 




Ao - Bo 

6942 

1819 

7999 

2388 

7223 

3019 

11508 

2245 

A 25 - B 25 

6454 

1984 

8151 

2388 

6750 

2262 

4893 

3882 

A-60 “ Bgo 

4267 

1208 

5413 

1693 

5835 

1483 

4137 


A 75 - B 75 

1600 

610 

2300 

809 

1831 

773 

1899 

738 

A87 1/2 “ B 8 7 1/2 

977 

324 

1514 

434 

984 

820 



A93 3/4 - B93 3/4 

535 


858 

136 

966 


951 



Average of 

Highest 

Breaks. 




Ao - Bo 

7885 

2045 

9065 

2676 

8747 

3257 

11959 

2603 

A 25 - B 25 

6900 

2154 

9158 

2643 

7375 

2033 

5514 

4225 

A 50 - B 50 

4795 

1272 

5845 

1958 

7605 

1826 

4863 


A 75 - B 75 

1834 

664 

2535 

850 

2178 

880 

2076 

854 

A 87 1/2 - B 87 4/2 

1089 

351 

1648 

486 

1212 

989 



A 93 3/4 - B 93 3/4 

637 


962 

165 

1136 


1050 


Aoa 7/8 - B 06 7/8 







No 



For detailed results see Tables 17 to 24 inclusive 

16 















































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 4 weeks. 

(Neat Specimens) 




Dimensions 



Weight 

Load 


Stress 

u 

<L> 

13 

CS <U 

S rt 









_c 

_d 


«0 
*0 \o 

5 

bo 

E 

a 

Q 

c 

•- r" 

Cfl ■-> 

.Sd 

c d 

73 £ 

Unit 

Grams 

CD 

61 

CD 

£ 

U cr 

C J CD 

cr 

CD 

a; ^ 

(/} r-H 

<L> 

X 1 

h o' 
<w 

Vol 

Cu. 

O U 

HO 


PfS 

-*-> , 



_ 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

224 

36.71 

10240 

24420 

3570 

8200 

Ao 

6-8 

2.03 

2.01 

3.17 

6.44 

240 

37.29 

13810 

23340 

4360 

7350 


- 

1.93 

2.02 

3.20 

6.18 

224 

37.25 

8240 

17580 

2575 

5490 

Avr. 

- 




6 '. 7 4 



10763 

21780 

3502 

7013 


- 

2.06 

2.04 

3.27 

236 

35.04 

7470 

21330 

2285 

6520 

A 25 

6-9 

2.08 

2.05 

3.30 

6.87 

244 

35.50 

8890 

19050 

2694 

5770 



2.05 

2.04. 

3.27 

6.70 

240 

35.80 

6830 

23380 

2090 

7140 

Avr. 

- 1 

| 






7730 

21253 

2356 

6477 


- 

2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.34 

215 

33.91 

9170 

13990 

2923 

4450 

A 5 o 

6-12 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

218 

34.49 

5000 

13490 

1624 

4370 

- 

2.06 

1.98 

3.08 

6.35 

218 

34.31 

8800 

12720 

2855 

4130 

Avr. 

- 







7657 

13400 

2467 

4317 


- 

2.08 

2.03 

3.24 

6.74 

212 

31.42 

4900 

4900 

1511 

1511 

A 75 

6-19 

2.04 

1.98 

3.08 

6.28 

199 

31.70 

600 

3980 

195 

1292 

- 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.40 

199 

31.11 

2820 

3260 

898 

1038 

Avr. 

_ 







2773 

4047 

868 

1280 



2.12 

2.06 

3.34 

7.07 

220 

31.11 


3810 


1141 

A §7 1/2 

7-12 

2.11 

2.02 

3.20 

6.75 

217 

32.15 

2640 

3030 

824 

947 

_ 

2.11 

2.00 

3.14 

6.62 

210 

31.72 

3780 

4110 

1203 

1310 

Avr. 

_ 







3210 

3650 

1014 

1133 


- 

2.12 

2.02 

3.20 

6.78 

215 

31.72 

1540 

1700 

481 

531 

A 93 3/4 

8-7 

2.12 

2.06 

3.34 

7.07 

228 

32.25 


2030 


626 

_ 

2.20 

1.97 

3.05 

6.71 

209 

31.11 

920 

1520 

302 

498 

Avr. 

_ 







1230 

1750 

392 

552 

_ 










No 

A 96 7/8 

8-8 










No 

_ 










No 

Avr. 

- 










No 


_ 

2.10 

2 . 0 S 

3.40 

7.14 

256 

35.88 

21420 

25770 

6310 

7570 

Bo 

8-9 

2.04 

2.05 

3.30 

6.74 

239 

35.45 

21990 

22760 

6660 

6890 

_ 

2.08 

2.04 

3.27 

6.80 

240 

35.29 

18690 

20120 

5720 

6150 

Avr. 

_ 






20700 

22883 

6230 

6870 

_ 

2.10 

1.99 

3.11 

6.53 

229 

35.08 

17670 

19540 

5680 

6280 

B 25 

8-10 

2.10 

2.02 

3.20 

6,72 

248 

36.91 

18300 

21330 

5720 

6660 


2.07 

1.99 

3.11 

6.44 

229 

35.59 


19760 


6350 

Avr. 

_ 






17985 

20210 

5700 

6430 

_ 

2.08 

1.98 

3.08 

6.41 

224 

34.92 


10630 


3452 

B 50 

8-11 

I 2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

233 

34.95 

12390 

12980 

3870 

4060 


2.10 

2.03 

3.24 

6.80 

237 

34.85 


16620 


5140 

Avr. 

_ 






12390 

13410 

3870 

4217 

_ 

2.14 

1.98 

3.08 

6.59 

224 

34.00 

5250 

5630 

1705 

1827 

B 75 

8-14 

2.14 

2.01 

3.17 

6.78 

229 

33.75 


6840 


2157 



2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.66 

219 

32.85 


5680 


1776 

Avr. 

_ 





5250 

6050 

1705 

1920 

_ 

2.08 

2.04 

3.27 

6.80 

224 

32.94 


2840 


868 

Bs 7 1/2 

8-15 

2.10 

2.08 

3.40 

7.14 

230 

32.20 


2660 


782 


2.08 

2.09 

3.43 

7.14 

231 

32.35 


2795 


814 

Avr. 

_ 






2765 


821 

_ 

2.14 

2.00 

3.14 

6.71 

216 

32.20 


1770 


564 

B 93 3/4 

8-15 

2.10 

2.05 

3.30 

6.94 

220 

31.70 


2140 


648 


2.12 

2.02 

3.20 

6.78 

216 

31.85 


1400 


338 

Avr. 

- 

2.08 

1.97 

3.05 

6.34 

209 

32.97 


1770 

90 


517 

30 

Boe 7/8 

8-16 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.86 

224 

32.61 


140 


43 


2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.43 

206 

32.05 


50 


16 

Avr. 

_ 





93 


29 

Ao - Bo 

A25 - B 25 

A 50 - B 50 
A 75 - B 75 


Av 

?rage 

of A 

verag 

es. 




4866 

6941 










4028 

6452 










3169 

4267 










1286 

1600 

87 l/2 

03 3 /4 









1014 

977 

As 7 1 /g - B 

A 93 3/4 - E 

Ao - Bo 

A25 “ B 25 

Av 

erage 

of H 

;ighes 

Bre 

■aks. 



392 

5510 

535 

7885 










4207 

6900 










3397 

4795 

A 50 - -t>50 










1608 

1834 

A 75 - B 75 










1203 

1004 

As7 1/2 - £>87 1/2 
A 93 3/4 “ B 93 3/4 






• 



481 

637 


17 







































































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 24 weeks. 

(Neat Specimens) 


<L> 

?! 


o 

X) 

a 

<U 

*-• 

ce r 1 


Dimension. 


Area in 

Sq. in. 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Weight 

Load 

Stress 

Height | 

inches 

Diam. 

inches 

Total 

Grams 

~ a 

a 2 

PO 

1st Cr. | 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

r* 

• 

y 

Ult. 

lb./sq. in. 

2.00 

1.96 

3.02 

6.04 

226 

37.40 

11980 

16385 

3962 

5430 

2.00 

1.97 

3.05 

6.10 

229 

37.50 

20000 

28000 

6550 

9180* 

1.98 

1.97 

3.05 

6.04 

231 

38.23 

23560 

28550 

7720 

9350 







18513 

24312 

6077 

7987 

2.06 

2.01 

3.17 

6.54 

236 

36.10 

17770 

23790 

5600 

7490 

2.04 

2.02 

3.20 

6.55 

244 

37.25 


9500 

34520 

2970 

10790 * 

2.08 

2.02 

3.20 

6.67 

245 

36.75 

17980 

27980 

5620 

8740 


• 





15083 

28763 

4730 

9007 

2.10 

2.03 

3.24 

6.80 

235 

34.55 

12370 

17190 

3815 

5300 

2.03 

1.98 

3.08 

6.26 

217 

34.65 

10000 

15715 

2248 

5120 

2.06 

1.98 

3.08 

6.35 

221 

34.80 

13400 

16320 

4350 

5300 







11923 

16408 

3471 

5240 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.87 

217 

31.60 


7320 

7520 

2240 

2300 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

206 

32.60 


7480 

7540 

2430 

2450 

2.04 

1.99 

3.11 

6.35 

200 

31.51 


5890 

5890 

1893 

1893 








6897 

6983 

2188 

2214 

2.06 

2.05 

3.30 

6.80 

222 

32.46 


6150 

6150 

1862 

1862 

2.05 

1.97 

3.05 

6.25 

211 

34.75 


5720 

5720 

1873 

1873 t 

2.06 

2.00 

3.14 

6.48 

210 

32.40 


7030 

7030 

2240 

2240 








6300 

6300 

1992 

1992 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

217 

32.90 


2020 

2340 

650 

746 

2.09 

1.99 

3.11 

6.50 

220 

33.85 


2100 

2290 

675 

737.0 

2.10 

1.99 

3.11 

6.54 

210 

32.10 


2800 

2990 

901 

962.5 








2306 

2540 

742 

815 

1.90 

2.00 

3.14 

5.97 

199 

33.30 


80 

100 

25.5 

31.9 

1.89 

2.01 

3.17 

5.99 

192 

32.10 


80 

80 

25.3 

25.3 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

197 

31.39 


90 

135 

28.6 

43.0 








83 

105 

26.5 

33.4 

2.07 

2.04 

3.27 

6.77 

245 

36.20 

1 

7800 

24320 

5440 

7430 

2.08 

2.03 

3.24 

6.74 

243 

36.10 

16740 

25360 

5170 

7820 

2.07 

2.04 

3.27 

6.77 

244 

36.09 

18300 

28660 

5590 

8780 







17613 

26113 

5400 

8010 

2.10 

2.10 

3.46 

7.24 

253 

34.9 

19000 

24000 

5480 

6940 

2.11 

2.09 

3.43 

7.24 

255 

35.25 


9500 

25420 

2770 

7420 

2.10 

2.09 

3.43 

7.21 

251 

34.80 

14000 

25830 

4080 

7525 







14166 

25083 

4110 

7295 

2.04 

2.04 

3.27 

6.68 

239 

35.79 


9800 

15530 

2990 

4750 

2.04 

2.04 

3.27 

6.68 

237 

35.50 

11540 

18370 

3530 

5620 

2.04 

2.04 

3.27 

6.68 

234 

35.10 

15000 

20940 

4580 

6390 







1 

2113 

18280 

3700 

5586 

2.08 

2.01 

3.17 

6.60 

232 

35.20 


7500 

7800 

2370 

2460 

2.06 

2.01 

3.17 

6.53 

219 

33.59 


7000 

8300 

2210 

2620 

2.00 

2.04 

3.27 

6.54 

219 

33.59 


6400 

6800 

■ 1959 

2080 







6966 

7633 

2179 

2386 

2.08 

2.08 

3.40 

7.07 

222 

31.40 

3590 

3590 

1055 

1055 

2.12 

2.08 

3.40 

7.21 

221 

30.61 


2850 

3450 

838 

1014 

2.08 

2.13 

3.56 

7.40 

232 

31.39 


3710 

3710 

1040 

1040 







3383 

3583 

977 

1036 

2.06 

2.06 

3.33 

6.86 

223 

32.5 

3220 

3220 

961 

961 

2.07 

2.06 

3.33 

6.90 

223 

32.3 

3150 

3150 

946 

946 

2.06 

2.06 

3.33 

6.86 

219 

31.9 

2280 

2650 

685 

795 








2883 

3006 

864 

901 

2.04 

2.04 

3.27 

6.68 

225 

33.7 


200 

200 

61.2 

61.2§ 

2.12 

2.05 

3.30 

7.01 

227 

32.4 


230 

230 

69.7 

69.7 

2.10 

2.10 

3.46 

7.27 

227 

31.2 


290 

290 

83.8 

83.8 








240 

240 

71.5 

71.5 

A 

verage 

of 

Averages. 

















5738 

7998 










4420 

8151 










3585 

5413 










2183 

2300 



• 

• 






1484 

1514 










803 

856 

A 

verage 

of 

Highest Breaks. 















6650 

9065 










5550 

9157 










4465 

5845 










2400 

2535 










1647 

1647 










931 

962 


• 








56.0 

63.0 


Ao 

Avr. 

A 2 5 

Avr. 

A 50 

Avr. 

A 75 

Avr. 

Ag7 1/2 

Avr. 

A 93 3/4 

Avr. 

A-96 7/8 

Avr. 

Bo 

Avr. 

B 2 5 

Avr. 

Bco 

Avr. 

B75 

Avr. 

Bs 7 1/2 

Avr. 

B93 3/4 

Avr. 
Bos 7/8 
Avr. 


6-8 


6-9 


6-12 


6-19 


7-12 


8-7 


8-8 


8-9 


8-10 


8-11 


8-14 


8-15 


8-15 


8-16 


Aq - Bo 
A 05 - B 25 

Ago - Bgo 
A75 - B75 
A -87 1/2 ~ B 87 i / 2 

A93 3/4 " B93 3/4 

A<) - Bo 
A 25 -• B 25 
A 3 ) - B 3 ) 

A75 - B75 
A 8 7 1/2 - B 87 1/2 
A93 3/4 - B93 3/4 
A96 7/8 ~ Bgo 7/8 


*4 days late. t2 days late. §Material very soft. 

18 





































































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 


Tested at age of 52 weeks. 


(Neat Specimens) 


Serial 

Number 

Spec’s made 
1916 Date 

Dimensions 

Area in 

Sq. in. 

. _ 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Weight 

Load 

Stress 

Height 

inches 

Diam. 

inches 

Total 

Grams 

Unit 

Grams 

1st Cr. 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

- 

1st Cr. 

lb./sq. in. 

Ult. 

lb./sq. in. 


- 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

241 

37.42 

10000 

27050 

3185 

8615 

A-o 

6-8 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

267 

42.52 

12800 

19940 

4076 

6350 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

232 

36.94 

3800 

13000 

1210 

4140 

Avr. 

- 







8867 

19997 

2824 

6368 


“ 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

230 

36.62 

8000 

20500 

2548 

6529 

A"25 

6-9 

2.05 

2.05 

3.30 

6.76 

237 

35.06 

9500 

17500 

2879 

5303 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

228 

36.30 

6380 

21250 

2032 

6768 

Avr. 

“ 







7960 

19750 

2486 

6200 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

217 

34.55 

10000 

18900 

3185 

6019 

A~50 

6-12 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

234 

37.26 

11520 

25400 

3669 

8089 


“ 

2.00 

1.95 

3.02 

6.04 

220 

36.42 

13700 

17100 

4536 

5662 

Avr. 

“ 







11740 

20467 

3797 

6590 



2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

202 

32.14 

4370 

4370 

1392 

1392 

A -75 

6-19 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

202 

32.14 

3500 

3500 

1115 

1115 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

205 

32.64 

5950 

5950 

1895 

1895 

Avr. 

- 







4607 

4607 

1467 

1467 


- 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

222 

34.50 

3760 

3760 

1197 

1197 

A.-87 1/2 

7-12 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

213 

32.32 

1250 

1250 

398 

398 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

209 

33.28 





Avr. 

- 







2505 

2505 

798 

798 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

220 

35.03 

1900 

2900 

605 

924 

A -93 3/4 

8-7 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

230 

36.62 

3170 

3170 

1010 

1010 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

230 

36.62 

3870 

4050 

1232 

1290 

^vvr. 

- 







2980 

3373 

949 

1075 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

200 

31.85 





A-96 7/3 

8-8 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

210 

33.44 

60 

60 

19 

19 

* 

- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

205 

32.64 

80 

80 

25 

25 

Avr. 

- 







70 

70 

22 

22 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

237 

37.74 

1 8250 

27880 

5812 

8879 

B-o 

8-9 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

237 

37.74 

15580 

25310 

4962 

8060 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

238 

37.94 

13640 

22900 

4344 

7293 

Avr. 

- 







15823 

25363 

5039 

8077 


- 

2.00 

2.04 

3.26 

6.52 

235 

36.04 

11900 

23000 

3650 

7055 

B 25 

8-10 

2.04 

2.06 

3.33 

6.79 

252 

37.11 

14620 

26580 

4390 

7982 


- 

2.00 

2.02 

3.17 

6.34 

232 

36.59 

14440 

21760 

4555 

6864 

Avr. 

- 







13653 

23780 

4198 

7300 


- 

2.01 

2.05 

3.30 

6.63 

227 

34.24 

12250 

14430 

3712 

4373 

B -50 

8-11 

2.04 

2.02 

3.17 

6.47 

235 

36.62 

12000 

20690 

3785 

6527 


- 

2.00 

2.02 

3.17 

6.34 

230 

36.28 

12100 

22570 

3817 

7120 

Avr. 

- 







12117 

19230 

3771 

6007 


- 

2.04 

2.07 

3.36 

6.85 

240 

35.04 

5590 

6000 

1664 

1786 

B -75 

8-14 

2.07 

2.06 

3.33 

6.89 

239 

34.69 

6300 

8200 

1892 

2462 


- 

2.04 

2.02 

3.17 

6.47 

217 

33.54 

6390 

7410 

2016 

2338 

Avr. 

- 







6093 

7203 

1857 

2195 


- 

2.07 

2.04 

3.26 

6.75 

222 

32.89 

3810 

3810 

1169 

1169 

B-87 1/2 

8-15 

2.06 

2.05 

3.30 

6.80 

222 

32.65 

2440 

3680 

739 

1115 


- 

2.05 

2.04 

3.26 

6.68 

220 

32.93 

3170 

4000 

972 

1227 

Avr. 

- 







3140 

3830 

960 

1170 


_ 

2.06 

2.06 

3.33 

6.86 

227 

33.09 

3160 

3160 

949 

949 

B -93 3/4 

8-15 

2.05 

2.05 

3.30 

6.80 

226 

33.24 

1640 

2110 

497 

639 


_ 

2.06 

2.06 

3.33 

6.89 

230 

33.38 

3270 

3270 

982 

982 

Avr. 

_ 







2690 

2847 

809 

857 


_ 

2.05 

2.04 

3.26 

6.68 

227 

33.98 

200 

200 

61 

61 

B -90 7/8 

8-16 

2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.34 

212 

33.44 

100 

150 

32 

48 


_ 

2.02 

2.02 

3.17 

6.40 

212 

33.12 

200 

200 

63 

63 


- 







167 

183 

52 

57 


Average of Averages. 

A-o - B-o 
A“25 ” B 25 
A-50 - B-50 
A-75 - B-75 
A "87 1/2 " B-87 1/2 
A-"93 3/4 - B-93 3/4 
A"99 7/8 " B-90 7/8 


7222 

6750 

6298 

1832 

984 

966 


19 
















































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 


Tested ait age of 104 weeks. 


(Neat Specimens) 


Serial 

Number 

Spec’s made 

1916 Date 

Dimensions 


Area in 

Sq. in. 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Weight 

Load 

Stress 

Height 

inches 

Diam. 

inches 

Total 

Grams 

Unit 

Grams 

1st Cr. 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

1st Cr. 

Ib./sq. in. 

£ 

• ^ 

cr 

c n 

-*-» \ 
5a 


_ 

2.00 

2.05 

3.30 

6.60 

246 

37.30 

11400 

45990 

3455 

13936 

A-o 

6-8 

2.02 

2.05 

3.30 

6.66 

246 

36.95 

12600 

46900 

3818 

14212 


- 

2.03 

1.98 

3.08 

6.25 

229 

36.63 

25000 

46990 

8117 

15256 

Avr. 

- 









5130 

14468 


- 

2.02 

2.06 

3.33 

6.73 

246 

36.55 

11110 

28780 

3336 

8642 

A -25 

6-9 

2.03 

2.07 

3.36 

6.82 

246 

36.51 

15000 

29840 

4464 

8880 


- 

2.05 

2.07 

3.36 

6.89 

245 

35.60 

4000 

22300 

1190 

6637 

Avr. 

- 









2997 

8053 


- 

2.02 

1.98 

3.08 

6.22 

218 

35.10 

8820 

12400 

2863 

4025 

A-50 

6-12 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

223 

34.61 

6600 

7480 

2101 

2381 


- 

2.01 

2.03 

3.23 

6.49 

237 

36.55 

9670 

14320 

2986 

4435 

Avr. 

- 









2650 

3614 


- 

2.06 

2.06 

3.33 

6.86 

217 

31.61 

4230 

4740 

1271 

1422 

A -75 

6-19 

2.05 

2.01 

3.17 

6.50 

207 

31.80 

4990 

5100 

1573 

1609 


- 

2.03 

1.99 

3.11 

6.31 

202 

32.00 

3530 

3530 

1135 

1135 

Avr. 

- 









1326 

1389 

A-87 1/2 

7-12 











Avr. 

_ 












- 

2.08 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

220 

33.65 

2450 

2450 

781 

781 

A -93 3/4 

8-7 

2.12 

2.07 

3.36 

7.12 

220 

30.90 

2240 

2720 

667 

810 


- 

2.13 

2.06 

3.33 

7.09 

227 

32.00 

2220 

2350 

667 

705 

Avr. 

- 









705 

765 


- 

2.03 

1.98 

3.08 

6.25 

204 

32.61 




No 

A-<)8 7/8 

8-8 











Avr. 

_ 










No 


- 

2.08 

2.09 

3.41 

7.09 

248 

34.95 

13000 

27000 

3815 

7910 

B-o 

8-9 

2.08 

2.06 

3.33 

6.93 

245 

35.35 

16240 

28840 

4872 

8662 


- 

2.10 

2.05 

3.30 

6.93 

247 

35.61 

15650 

29890 

4740 

9070 

Avr. 

- 









4476 

8547 


- 

2.20 

2.10 

3.44 

7.57 

235 

31.05 

12840 

18540 

3680 

5390 

B -25 

8-10 

2.12 

2.01 

3.17 

6.73 

220 

32.65 

12650 

17660 

3980 

5550 

Avr. 

- 









3830 

5470 


- 

2.20 

2.08 

3.39 

7.46 

225 

30.11 

14040 

14710 

4150 

4348 

B -50 

8-11 

2.14 

2.04 

3.26 

6.98 

220 

31.48 

8330 

17250 

2555 

5291 


- 

2.16 

2.06 

3.33 

7.19 

227 

31.55 

8630 

14420 

2591 

4340 

Avr. 

- 









3099 

4660 


- 

2.18 

2.04 

3.26 

7.11 

230 

32.35 

6300 

7340 

1931 

2249 

B -75 

8-14 

2.14 

2.01 

3.17 

6.78 

238 

35.08 

8070 

8070 

2543 

2543 


- 

2.20 

2.10 

3.44 

7.57 

250 

33.00 

8230 

8360 

2392 

2431 

Avr. 

“ 









2289 

2408 


- 

2.10 

2.08 

3.39 

7.12 

248 

34.90 

4180 

4180 

1234 

1234 

B-87 1/2 

8-15 

2.12 

2.08 

3.39 

7.19 

242 

33.65 

4070 

4110 

1200 

1211 


- 

2.16 

2.06 

3.33 

7.19 

240 

33.40 





Avr. 

- 









1217 

1222 


- 

2.20 

2.00 

3.14 

6.91 

240 

34.70 

890 

2660 

283 

848 

B-03 3/4 

8-15 

2.18 

2.04 

3.26 

7.10 

237 

33.35 

3530 

4210 

1082 

1290 


- 

2.14 

2.01 

3.17 

6.78 

232 

34.20 

3370 

4040 

1062 

1273 

Avr. 

- 









809 

1137 


- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

225 

34.05 




No 

B -06 7/8 

8-16 

2.12 

2.05 

3.30 

6.99 

230 

32.90 

40 



No 


- 

m 







- 


No 



Average 

of Averages. 






A- 0 - B-q 











11508 

A"25 “ B- 2 5 











4893 

A -50 - B -50 











4137 

A -75 - B -75 











1899 

As7 1 / 2 - B 

87 1/2 











A-93 3/4 * B-03 3/4 










951 

A-00 7/8 - B-06 7 / 8 










No 


20 
















































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 


(Mortar Specimens) 


Tested at age of 4 weeks 


u 

<D 

•n £ 


A-o 

Avr. 

A25 

Avr. 

A50 

Avr. 

A75 

Avr. 

A 87 l/2 

Avr. • 

A93 3/4 

Avr. 
A 96 7/8 

Avr. 

B-o 

Avr. 

B 25 

Avr. 

B 50 

Avr. 

B 75 

Avr. 

B 87 1/2 
Avr. 

B93 3/4 

Avr. 

B96 7/8 
Avr. 


<u 

'O 
Ct V 

s rt 

jn Q 
"o vo 

S -0 ' 

CO H 


6-9 


6-9 


6-12 


6-19 


? -12 


8-7 


8-8 


8-10 


8-10 


8-111 


8-14 


8-15 


8-16 


8-16 


Dimensions 

Area in 

Sq. in. 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Weight 

Load 

Stress 

Height 

inches 

1 - 

Diam. 

inches 

Total 

Grams 

Unit 

Grams 

1st Cr. | 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

1st Cr. 

lb./sq. in. 

£ 

cr 

c n 

*—> • 
£2 

2.041 

2.051 

3.26| 

6.65 

249 

37.41 


1 

6360 



1954 

2.06 

2.02 

3.21 

6.61 

244 

36.90 

• 


5210 



1623 

2.05 

2.01 

3.18 

6.51 

248 

38.05 



6900 



2171 









6157 



1916 

2.06 

2.02 

3.21 

6.61 

247 

37.31 



5660 



1765 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.42 

242 

37.68 



6960 



2218 

2.06 

2.00 

3.14 

6.48 

243 

37.48 



6210 



1980 









6277 



1988 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

235 

37.18 



4420 



1434 

2.10 

2.02 

3.21 

6.75 

252 

37.31 



4730 



1474 

2.04 

1.98 

3.08 

6.28 

235 

37.40 



4690 



1523 









4613 



1477 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.85 

253 

36.95 






t 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

239 

36.27 



2590 



824 

2.06 

1.98 

3.08 

6.34 

237 

37.40 

2050 

2320 

665 

753 







2050 

2455 

665 

789 

2.14 

2.10 

3.46 

7.42 

260 

35.00 

1170 

1170 

338 

338 

2.10 

2.02 

3.21 

6.75 

240 

35.51 



1040 



324 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.59 

237 

35.94 

1020 

1130 

325 

360 







1095 

1113 

332 

340 












No 












No 












No 












No 












No 












No 












No 












No 

2.16 

2.05 

3.26 

7.04 

266 

37.79 



6250 



1918 

2.10 

2.05 

3.26 

6.85 

253 

37.90 

4420 

5120 

1355 

1571 

2.15 

2.01 

3.18 

6.84 

252 

36.85 



5340 



1678 







4420 

5570 

1355 

1722 

2.15 

2.00 

3.14 

6.75 

255 

37.75 



6560 



2090 

2.11 

2.00 

3.14 

6.62 

252 

38.10 



6190 



1974 

2.14 

2.00 

3.14 

6.72 

252 

37.50 



5880 



1875 







• 


6210 



1980 

1 2.11 

2.01 

3.18 

6.71 

250 

37.25 



3270 



1028 

| 2.13 

2.05 

3.26 

6.94 

263 

37.92 



2930 



898 

I 2.18 

2.01 

3.18 

6.93 

250 

36.05 



2830 



889 









3010 



938 

2.14 

2.09 

3.44 

7.35 

258 

35.10 



1070 



311 

2.10 

2.04 

3.27 

6.85 

256 

37.35 



1570 



486 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.40 

240 

37.50 



1580 



503 









1407 



431 

2.18 

2.06 

3.33 

7.26 

256 

35.21 



1140 



342 

2.15 

2.00 

3.14 

6.75 

244 

36.15 



975 



311 

2.15 

2.04 

3.27 

7.04 

248 

35.26 



890 



272 









1002 



308 

2.10 

2.03 

3.24 

6.80 

247 

36.30 

240 

320 

74 

99 

2.10 

2.03 

3.24 

6.80 

242 

35.58 



230 



71 

2.10 

2.03 

3.24 

6.80 

243 

35.71 



190 



59 







240 

247 

74 

76 

2.00 

2.04 

3.27 

6.54 

240 

36.70 



1040 



318 

2.15 

2.02 

3.21 

6.90 

224 

32.45 



880 



274 

2 12 

2.01 

3.18 

6.74 

240 

31.00 



520 



164 









813 



252 


Average of Averages. 


Ao - 

Bo 


A25 

- B 25 


A50 

- B50 


A75 

- B75 


As? 

1/2 - B 87 

l/s 

Average 

of 

Ao - 

• B 0 


A 05 

- B25 


A50 

- B50 


A75 

- B75 


As 7 

l/2 * B 8 7 

1/2 


1819 

1984 

1208 

610 

324 

2045 

2154 

1275 

663 

351 


■(■Accidentally broken. 


21 









































































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 24 weeks. 
(Mortar Specimens) 


! i 

Serial 

Number 

• 

i f 

! 

Date made 

1916 Date 

Dimensions 


Area in 

Sq. in. 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Weight 

’ Load 

Stress 

Height 

Diam. 

Total 

Grams 

Unit 

Grams 

1st Cr. 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

1st Cr. 

lb./sq. in. 

C/3 

h- / Uh 


_ 

2.02 

2.02 

3.20 

6.46 

251 

38.81 

8110 

8110 

2535 

2535 

Ao 

6-9 

2.03 

1.99 

3.11 

6.32 

240 

38.00 

7770 

7770 

2500 

2500 * 


- 

2.03 

1.99 

3.11 

6.32 

240 

38.00 

8720 

8720 

2810 

2810 

Avr. 

- 







8200 

8200 

2615 

2615 


- 

2.03 

2.00 

3.14 

6.37 

251 

39.40 

9430 

9430 

3000 

3000 

A 05 

6-9 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

245 

38.75 

8230 

8230 

2670 

2670 * 


- 

2.04 

1.98 

3.08 

6.28 

242 

38.51 

7440 

7440 

2315 

2315 

Avr. 

- 







8366 

8366 

2661 

2661 


- 

2.03 

1.99 

3.11 

6.32 

238 

37.67 

6760 

6760 

2175 

2175 

A 50 

6-12 

2.06 

1.98 

3.08 

6.35 

237 

37.30 

6720 

6720 

2180 

2180 


- 

2.01 

1.98 

3.08 

6.18 

237 

38.33 

6860 

6864 

2215 

2215 

Avr. 

- 







6780 

6781 

2190 

2190 


- 

2.08 

1.99 

3.11 

6.47 

252 

38.95 

3660 

3660 

1170 

1170 

A-5 

6-19 

2.06 

2.03 

3.24 

6.67 

250 

37.48 

3960 

3960 

1221 

1221 


- 

2.05 

1.98 

3.08 

6.32 

248 

39.20 

3610 

3610 

1171 

1171 

Avr. 

- 







3743 

3743 

1187 

1187 


- 

2.06 

2.02 

3.20 

6.59 

251 

38.10 

1500 

1710 

469 

534 

A 87 1/2 

7-12 

2.06 

1.97 

3.05 

6.28 

239 

38.00 

1200 

1280 

393 

420 t 


- 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.44 

241 

37.45 

1850 

1850 

589 

589 § 

Avr. 

- 







1515 

1613 

1449 

514 


- 

2.10 

1.93 

2.92 

6.13 

215 

39.9 

200 

255 

68.4 

68.7 

A 93 3/4 

8-7 

2.09 

1.96 

3.01 

6.28 

245 

39.1 

100 

170 

33.3 

56.4 


- 

2.06 

1.98 

3.07 

6.32 

249 

39.4 

120 

260 

39.1 

84.6 

Avr. 

- 







140 

228 

46.9 

69.9 

A 90 7/8 

8-8 











Avr. 

- 












- 

2.10 

2.10 

3.46 

7.26 

270 

37.2 

5000 

6600 

1445 

1910 

Bo 

8-10 

2.10 

2.10 

3.46 

7.26 

268 

36.9 

7060 

7060 

2020 

2020 


- 

2.10 

2.10 

3.46 

7.26 

271 

37.3 

8800 

8800 

2542 

2542 

Avr. 

- 







6953 

7487 

2010 

2160 


- 

2.09 

2.04 

3.26 

6.81 

267 

39.3 

6700 

6700 

2050 

2050 

B 25 

8-10 

2.07 

2.05 

3.30 

6.83 

260 

38.1 

5000 

6680 

1530 

2020 


- 

2.05 

2.04 

3.26 

6.68 

259 

38.8 

7450 

7450 

2285 

2285 

Avr. 

- 

9 






6383 

6910 

1960 

2115 


- 

2 . 0 S 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

267 

40.8 

2820 

2820 

897 

897 

B 30 

8-11 

2.08 

2.00 

3.14 

6.53 

263 

40.3 

3000 

3000 

955 

955 


- 

2.11 

2.04 

3.27 

6.90 

274 

39.7 

3750 

5560 

1147 

1700 

Avr. 

- 







3190 

3793 

1005 

1195 


- 

2.08 

1.97 

3.05 

6.34 

239 

37.7 

1000 

1020 

328 

335 

B 75 

8-14 

2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.35 

238 

37.5 

1510 

1510 

480 

480 


- 

2.12 

2.01 

3.17 

6.71 

260 

38.7 

1490 

1490 

470 

470 

Avr. 

- 







1333 

1340 

428 

431 


- 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

245 

37.2 

1200 

1200 

382 

382 

B87 1/2 

8-15 

2.10 

2.01 

3.17 

6.66 

257 

38.6 

1165 

1165 

368 

368 


- 

2.15 

1.99 

3.11 

6.68 

236 

35.4 

960 

960 

308 

308 

Avr. 

- 







1142 

745 

353 

353 


- 

2.15 

2.00 

3.14 

6.75 

237 

35.1 

770 

770 

245 

245 

Bu 3 3/4 

8-16 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.60 

240 

36.4 

610 

610 

194 

194 


- 

2.05 

2.01 

3.17 

6.50 

259 

39.8 

510 

510 

161 

161 

Avr. 

“ 







630 

630 

202 

202 

Boo 7/8 

8-16 











Avr. 

“ 













Average of Averages. 







Ao - B, 








2312 

2387 


A 05 - H 

25 







2310 

2388 



^50 - B 50 







1597 

1692 



V 75 - B 

75 







807 

809 


A87 1/2 

- B 8 7 1 

/ 

0 






901 

434 


A 93 3/4 

” B 93 3 

/ 

4 






124 

136 



Average of 

Hig 

"hest 

Breaks. 






Ao - Bo 







2676 

2676 


A 25 “ B 

25 







2642 

2642 



■^50 “ B 

50 







1681 

1957 

“ ■ 

"A-75 - B 

75* 







859- 

-85-0 - 


A 871/2 

B 8 7 1/2 






485 

485 


A 93 3/4 

“ B 93 3 

/ 

4 






157 

165 


*Five days late. tDefective. §Two da vs lat^ 

22 ' 








































































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested at age of 52 weeks. 
(Mortar Specimens) 




Dimensions 



Weight 

Load 

Stress 

u 

rt <U 

2 « 








w 

G 

-M ^ 

_G 

_G 

V 

31 

82 

IS 

. in 

G 'Ll 

rtf 

G . 

G 

rt.G 

0 . 

•S d 

c n 

f —h r+ 

ill 

6 

•5 03 

*-« CT 1 

0 in 

6 * 

w 

<u B. 

tn £ 

GO r— 1 

W.S 

Q.S 

U C7 1 

<: c /3 

© 3 

>U 

O u 

HO 

c 1- 

Po 

”(S 

r- O 

PP-i 

22 

P£ 


_ 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

251 

39.97 

6000 

8000 

1911 

2548 

A-o 

6-9 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

251 

39.97 

6500 

6500 

2070 

2070 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

251 

39.97 

7500 

7500 

2385 

2385 

Avr. 

- 







6667 

7333 

2122 

2334 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

232 

36.94 

6420 

6420 

2045 

2045 

A“25 

6-9 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

241 

38.41 

7750 

7750 

2468 

2468 

- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

245 

39.01 

8280 

8280 

2618 

2618 

Avr. 

- 







7483 

7483 

2377 

2377 


- 

2.00 

2.02 

3.20 

6.40 

252 

39.38 

8000 

8000 

2500 

2500 

A-60 

6-12 

2.01 

2.04 

3.29 

6.61 

249 

37.67 

5860 

5860 

1781 

1781 

- 

2.02 

2.00 

3.14 

6.34 

256 

40.37 

5200 

6690 

1656 

2131 

Avr. 

- 







6353 

6850 

1979 

2137 


- 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

249 

37.67 

3030 

3030 

965 

965 

A -75 

6-19 

2.10 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

254 

40.44 

3380 

3380 

1076 

1076 

_ 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

240 

38.25 

2420 

2420 

771 

771 

Avr. 

- 







2943 

2943 

937 

937 


- 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

245 

39.01 

1110 

1110 

354 

354 

A-87 1/2 

7-12 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

244 

38.82 

1800 

1800 

573 

573 

_ 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

259 

41.40 

2000 

2000 

637 

637 

Avr. 








1637 

1637 

521 

521 


_ 










No 

A -93 3/4 

8-7 










No 

_ 










No 

Avr. 

_ 










No 











No 

A-96 7/8 

8-8 










No 

_ 










No 

Avr. 

_ 










No 

_ 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

247 

39.33 

10000 

10280 

3185 

3274 

B-o 

8-10 

2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

255 

40.76 

12150 

12150 

3869 

3869 


2.00 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

245 

39.01 

11960 

12450 

3809 

3965 

Avr. 

_ 





11370 

11627 

3621 

3703 

_ 

2.05 

2.08 

3.39 

6.95 

272 

39.14 

5830 

5830 

1720 

1720 

B-25 

8-10 

2.07 

2.05 

3.30 

6.83 

270 

39.53 

7490 

7490 

2270 

2270 


2.02 

2.05 

3.30 

6.67 

255 

38.25 

8080 

8080 

2448 

2448 

Avr. 

_ 





7133 

7133 

2146 

2146 

__ 

2.00 

2.05 

3.30 

6.60 

251 

38.03 

960 

2410 

291 

730 

B -50 

8-11 

2.02 

2.05 

3.30 

6.67 

257 

38.53 

3800 

3800 

1152 

1152 


2.05 

2.06 

3.33 

6.83 

262 

38.36 

2000 

2000 

601 

601 

Avr. 

_ 





2253 

2737 

681 

828 

__ 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.21 

240 

38.65 

2000 

2000 

637 

637 

T^- 7 - 

8-14 

2.03 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

239 

38.06 

2150 

2150 

685 

685 



2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

241 

38.38 

1580 

1580 

503 

503 

Avr. 

_ 




1910 

1910 

608 

608 


2.08 

2.05 

3.30 

6.86 

255 

37.17 

4420 

4420 

1340 

1340 

B-87 1/2 

8-15 

2.07 

2.03 

3.23 

6.69 

247 

36.92 

2520 

3000 

780 

929 


2.05 

2.07 

3.36 

6.89 

267 

38.75 

3480 

3480 

1036 

1036 

Avr. 





3473 

3633 

1052 

1102 

_ 

2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

242 

38.54 

500 

500 

159 

159 

B -93 3/4 

8-16 

2.04 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

240 

38.22 

480 

480 

153 

153 


2.05 

2.00 

3.14 

6.28 

245 

39.01 

790 

790 

252 

252 

Avr. 





590 

590 

188 

188 


2.06 

2.01 

3.17 

6.53 

250 

38.28 

900 

900 

284 

284 

B-96 7/8 

8-16 











Avr. 

- 







900 

900 

284 

284 

A-o - B-o 
A-25 - B-25 
A .—50 - B 50 
A -75 “ B- 7 E 
A-87 1/2 - ] 

3-87 1/2 

Av< 

3 rage 

of A - ' 

rerage 

s. 





3018 

2262 

1482 

772 

812 

A -93 3/4 ” B -93 3 /4 










A -90 7/8 - B -96 7 /s 








# 




23 













































Series II 

RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS. 

Tested ait age of 104 weeks. 
(Mortar Specimens) 



Spec’s made 

1916 Date 

Dimensions 

Area in 

Sq. in. 

Vol. in 

Cu. in. 

Weight 

Load 

Stress 

1 

Serial 

Number 

Height 

inches 

Diam. 

inches 

Total 

Grams 

Unit 

Grams 

1st Cr. 

Pounds 

Ult. 

Pounds 

J 

1st Cr. 

lb./sq. in. 

Ult. 

lb./sq. in. 


_ 

2.07 

2.10 

3 44 

7.12 

247 

34.70 

6510 

7210 

| 1895 

2095 

A-o 

6-9 

2.00 

1.98 

3.08 

6.16 

244 

39.60 

5050 

6960 

1640 

2255 


- 

2.04 

2.05 

3.31 

6.75 

253 

37.45 

4440 

6930 

1340 

2095 

Avr. 

- 









1625 

2148 


- 

2.07 

2.01 

3.17 

6.55 

245 

37.40 

8870 

9200 

2790 

2900 

A-25 

6-9 

2.02 

1.98 

3.08 

6.23 

237 

38.05 

3000 

5200 

975 

1685 

Avr. 

_ 









1883 

2293 


- 

2.05 

2.03 

3.20 

6.57 

251 

38.20 

4700 

6080 

1465 

, 1895 

A“50 

6-12 

2.04 

2.03 

3.20 

6.54 

244 

37 30 


2610 


815 

Avr. 

_ 










1355 


- 

2.10 

2.03 

3.20 

6.72 

254 

37.75 


3000 


938 

A~75 

6-19 

2.08 

2.00 

3.14 

6.54 

239 

36.55 


2420 


768 


- 

2.07 

2,01 

3.17 

6.56 

243 

37.00 


3200 


1010 

Avr. 

- 










905 

A-87 1/2 

7-12 











Avr. 

_ 












- 

2.14 

2.01 

3.17 

6.78 

252 

37.15 




No 

A -93 3/4 

8-7 

2.15 

1.99 

3.11 

6.69 

242 

36.15 




No 


- 

2.16 

1.98 

3.08 

6.67 

242 

36.25 




No 

Avr. 

- 










No 

A-96 7/8 

8-8 











Avr. 

_ 












- 

2.20 

2.04 

3.27 

7.20 

260 

36.10 

9650 

9650 

2950 

2950 

B-o 

8-10 

2.20 

2.00 

3.14 

6.92 

242 

34.95 

2580 

5470 

820 

1735 

Avr. 

_ 









1885 

2343 


- 

2.16 

2.06 

3.33 

7.19 

240 

33.40 

3530 

7150 

1059 

2148 

B -05 

8-10 

2.20 

2.06 

3.33 

7.33 

252 

34.38 

4150 

4380 

1248 

1318 

B-o 

8-10 

2.20 

2.00 

3.14 

6.92 

242 

34.95 

2580 

5470 

820 

1735 

B “50 

8-11 











Avr. 

_ 












- 

2.14 

2.08 

3.41 

7.30 

270 

36.95 

1190 

1730 

350 

508 

B75 

8-14 

2.22 

2.06 

3.34 

7.43 

272 

36.60 

1220 

1690 

365 

507 


- 

2.24 

2.04 

3.27 

7.33 

275 

37.50 

1560 

2280 

478 

698 

Avr. 

- 









398 

571 


- 

2.16 

2.08 

3.41 

7.36 

255 

34.60 

1760 

1760 

518 

518 

B -87 1/2 

8-15 

2.14 

2.00 

3.14 

6.72 

257 

38.25 

1790 

1790 

570 

570 


- 

2.22 

2.06 

3.34 

7.42 

265 

35.70 

1110 

1110 

332 

332 

Avr. 

- 









473 

473 


- 

2.22 

2.00 

3.14 

6.98 

260 

37.20 

360 

610 

114 

194 

B-93 3/4 

8-16 

2.20 

2.05 

3.31 

7.28 

257 

35.30 

810 

1430 

245 

433 

Avr. 

- 









190 

314 

B -98 7/8 

8-16 











Avr. 

- 








• 





Avc 

?rage 

of A'' 

T erage 

s. 






Ao - Bo 











2245 

A 05 - B 26 











3882 

A^o - B30 












A75 - B75 











738 

Asr 1 / 2 - Bs7 1/2 











A93 3/4 - B 

03 3”4 











A90 7 / 8 - Boo 7/8 

* 











24 























































BULLETINS OF THE MISSOURI SCHOOL 

OF MINES . 


G-eneral Series 

Vol. 1, No. 1, Dec., 1908. The human side of a mining engineer’s 
life. Edmund B. Kirby. (Commencement address, June 10th, 1908.) 

Vol. 1, No. 2, 38th Annual Catalogue, 1908-1909. 

Vol. 1, No. 3, June, 1909. Education for utility and culture. Cal¬ 
vin M. Woodward. (Tau Beta Pi address.) 

Vol. 1, No. 4, Sept., 1909. The history and the development of 
the Cyanide process. Horace Tharp GVIann. 

Vol. 2, No. 1, Dec., 1909. The Jackiing field, School of Mines 
and Metallurgy. 

Vol. 2, No. 2, 39tli Annual Catalogue, 1909-1910. (Out of print.) 

Vol. 2, No. 3, June, 1910. Some of the essentials of success. 
Charles Summer Howe. (Commence address, June 1st, 1910.) 

Vol. 2, No. 4, Sept., 1910. Friction in small air pipes. E. G. 
Harris, Albert Park, H. K. Peterson. (Continued by Technical Series. 
Vol. 1, No. 1 and 4.) 

Vol. 3, No. 1, Dec., 1910. Some relations between the composition 
of a mineral and its physical properties. G. H. Cox, E. P. Murray. 

Vol. 3, No. 2, March 1st, 1911. 40th Annual Catalogue, 1910-1911. 

Vol. 3, No. 3, June, 1911. Providing for future generations. E 
R. Buckley. (Tau Beta Pi address May 24th, 1911.) 

Vol. 3, No. 4, Sept., 1911. Fall announcement of courses. (Out 
of print.) 

Vol. 4, No. 1, Dec., 1911. Fortieth anniversary of the School of 
Mines and Metallurgy of the University of Missouri. Parker Hall 
Memorial address. Laying of cornerstone of Parker Hall, Rolla, 
Missouri, October 24th, 1911. 

Vol. 4, No. 2, March. 1912. 41st Annual Catalogue, 1911-1912. 

Vol. 4, No. 3, June, 1912. Mining and civilization. J. R. Finlay. 
(Commencement address, May 31st, 1912.) 

Vol. 4, No. 4, Sept., 1912. Fall announcement of courses, (o. p.) 

Vol. 5, No. 1, Dec., 1912. Student Life. 

Vol. 5, No. 2, March, 1913. 42nd Annual Catalogue, 1912-1913. 

Vol. 5, No. 3, Never Published. 

Vol. 5, No. 4, Never Published. 

Vol. 6, No. 1, Never Published. 

Vol. 6, No. 2, March, 1914. 43rd Annual Catalogue, 1913-14. 

Vol. 6, No. 3, Never Published. 

Vol. 6, No. 4, Never Published. 

Vol. 7, No. 1, Never Published. 

Vol. 7, No. 2, March, 1915. 44th Annual Catalogue, 1914-1915. 

Vol. 7, No. 3, March, 1915. Description of special courses in oil 
and gas and allied subjects. 

Vol. 7, No. 4, September, 1915. Register of graduates, 1874-1915. 

Vol. 8, No. 1, Jan., 1916. Bibliography on concentrating ores by 
flotation. Jesse Cunningham. 

Vol. 8, No. 2, March, 1916. 45th Annual Catalogue, 1915-1916. 

Vol. 8, No. 3, June, 1916. The Business of mining. W. R. In¬ 
galls. (Commencement address, May 26, 1916.) 

Vol. 8, No. 4, October, 1916. Register of graduates, 1874-1916. 

(Out of print.) 

Vol. 9, No. 1, Jan., 1917. Road problems in the Ozarks. E. G. Har¬ 
ris. Bibliography on rural roads. H. L. Wheeler. 


Vol. 9, No. 2, March, 1917. 46th Annual Catalogue, 1916-1917. 

Vol. 9, No. 3, June, 1917. What should a present-day metal¬ 
lurgical education comprise? Charles Hermann Fulton. (Com¬ 
mencement address, May 25, 1917.) 

Vol. 9, No. 4, October, 1917. Register of graduates, 1874-1917. 
M. S 1 . M. men in military service. 

Vol. 10, No. 1, Never published. 

Vol. 10, No 2, March, 1918. 47th Annual Catalogue 1917-18. 

Vol. 10, No. 3, June 1918. The Human side of mining engineer¬ 
ing. James Furman Kemp. (Commencement address, May 24, 1918.) 

Technical Series 

Vol. 1, No. 1, November, 1911. Friction in air pipes. E. G. Har¬ 
ris. (Continuation of General Series, Vol. 2, No. 4.) 

Vol. 1, No. 2, February, 1912. Metallurgy and ore dressing lab¬ 
oratories of the Missouri School of Mines land Metallurgy. D. Cope¬ 
land, H. T. Mann, H. A. Roesler. (Out of print.) 

Vol. 1, No. 3, May, 1912. Some apparatus and methods for dem¬ 
onstrating rock drilling and the loiading of drill holes in tunneling. 
L. E. Young. 

Vol. 1, No. 4, August, 1912. Friction in air pipes. E. G. Harris. 
(Continuation of Vol. 1, No. 1, November, 1911.) 

Vol. 2, No. 1, August, 1915. Comparative tests of piston drill 
bits. C. R. Forbes and L. M. Cummings. 

Vol. 2, No. 2, November, 1915. Orifice measurements of air in 
large quantities. Elmo G. Harris. 

Vol. 2, No. 3, February, 1916. Cupellation losses in assaying. 
Horace T. Mann and Charles Y. Clayton. 

Vol. 2, No. 4, May, 1916. Geologic criteria for determining the 
structural position of sedimentary beds. G. H. Cox and C. L. Dake. 
(Out of print.) 

Vol. 3, No. 1, August, 1916. Experiments from the flotation lab¬ 
oratory. C. Y. Clayton. (Out of print.) 

Vol. 3, No. 2, November, 1916. Studies on the origin of Missouri 
cherts and zinc ores. G. H. Cox, R. S. Dean, land V. H. Gottschalk. 

Vol. 3, No. 3, February, 1917. Preliminary report on blended 
Portland cement. E. S. McCandliss. 

Vol. 3, No. 4, May, 1917. Studies in the production of oils and 
tars from bituminous materials. J. C. Ingram. 

Vol. 4, No. 1, August, 1917. The hydrometallurgy and electroly¬ 
tic precipitation of zinc. F. D. James. 

Vol. 4, No. 2, November, 1917. The effect of addition agents in 
flotation; Part I. M. H. Thornberry and H. T. Mann. 

Vol. 4, No. 3, February, 1918. Bibliography: Roasting, leaching, 
smelting, electric smelting and electrolysis of zinc. H. L. Wheeler. 

Vol. 4, No. 4, May, 1918. An Investigation of Blended Portland 
Cements. E. S. McCandliss and H. H. Armsby. 




LltJKHKlf Uh LUIMUKfc^ 




0 019 454 008 5 £ 




MO. P. & P. CO.—1500 















































